Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers
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Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) was the title for General Douglas MacArthur during the Occupation of Japan following World War II. Although there were and are other Supreme Allied Commanders, the SCAP title per se has only ever been given to MacArthur.
In Japan, the position was generally referred to as GHQ, as SCAP also referred to the offices of the occupation, including a staff of several hundred U.S. civil servants as well as military personnel. Some of these personnel effectively wrote a first draft of the Japan Constitution, which the Diet then ratified after a few amendments.
Australian, British, Indian, Canadian, and New Zealand forces under SCAP were organised into a sub-command known as British Commonwealth Occupation Force.
MacArthur was succeeded as SCAP by General Matthew Ridgeway when MacArthur was relieved by President Harry Truman for insubordination concerning the Korean War in April 1951. With the peace treaty with Japan, the post of SCAP lapsed.
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