SVG animation
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SVG animation can be accomplished by either of two ways: through scripting using ECMAScript or through declarative markup, using SMIL.
[edit] ECMAScript and DOM
With the rise in the mid 2000's of AJAX, it has become popular to utilize JavaScript (and other ECMAScript flavors) in the creation of dynamic webpage content and application user interfaces. A recent example of such usage is Adobe Flex, which combines the usage of an already-ActionScripted Flash graphic model with AJAX-dedicated JavaScript libraries to create stylistic user interfaces for web applications, both inside and outside the web browser.
[edit] SVG+SMIL
However, the W3C recommendation for SVG animation explicitly prefers SMIL, rather than ECMAScript, as the standard.