Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
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Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk and 2nd Earl of Nottingham (1385 – June 8, 1405), English nobleman and rebel, was the son of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk and Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan.
Upon the death of his father in Venice, he was allowed to succeed him as Earl of Norfolk and Nottingham, but not as Duke of Norfolk. He also received his father's title of Earl Marshal, but on a strictly honorary basis, the military rank being held by Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland as the Marshal of England. He was betrothed to Constance Holland, daughter of John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, then a child, but the marriage was never consummated.
A quarrel over precedence with Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick supposedly led to his estrangement from the court of Henry IV. Disaffected, he became involved with the latest rebellion of the Percies in the north, and raised an army with Richard le Scrope, Archbishop of York. Deserted by the Earl of Northumberland, Norfolk and Scrope were brought to book on Shipton Moor by a large royal army under John of Lancaster and the Earl of Westmorland. Seeking a parley, they were arrested as soon as they disbanded their followers. When Chief Justice Sir William Gascoigne refused to pass sentence upon them before they were tried by their peers, Henry had both summarily beheaded, without color of law, in York on June 8, 1405. This conspiracy is the main historical context for Shakespeare's Henry IV, part 2, and the execution is described with the words "so much for Lancaster".
[edit] References
citing
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- Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), . and
- G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume VII
| Preceded by The Duke of Surrey |
Earl Marshal 1399–1405 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Westmorland |
| Preceded by Thomas de Mowbray |
Earl of Norfolk 1399–1405 |
Succeeded by John de Mowbray |
