Felix Carlebach

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Felix Falk Carlebach (15 April 1911 in Lübeck) is a German born retired British Rabbi in Manchester, England.

He is citizen by honor of the city of Lübeck and has both the German and British citizenship.

Contents 1 Life 2 Sources 3 See also 4 References

[edit] Life

Carlebach descends from a well known German rabbi family. He is the son of Simson Carlebach (1875-1942), a banker, and his wife Resi née Graupe. His grandfather Salomon Carlebach (1845-1919), married to Esther Carlebach née Adler (1853-1920), was already a rabbi in Lübeck. His uncle Joseph Carlebach was a rabbi in Hamburg. Carlebach's younger brother Ephraim was a rabbi in Montreal (Canada). He had another brother, Salomon, and a sister, Esther.

Carlebach was a student at Katharineum zu Lübeck ^[1]. After his a-levels he passed in 1929 he studied theology and music in Köln. In 1934 he became a teacher at Höhere Israelitische Schule in Leipzig a school for Jewish students founded by his uncle Ephraim Carlebach (1879-1936) in 1912. His uncle emigrated to Palestine in spring 1936 and died there in October 1936. Felix Carlebach stayed in Leipzig until 1939.

In 1936 he married Babette Kohn (d. 1991) who was teaching at Höhere Israelitische Schule. The couple had three daughters, Judith, Sulamith and Naomi.

Felix Carlebach's parents, his uncle Joseph Carlebach (1883-1942) and his wife Charlotte née Preuss (b. 1900) were deported with their four youngest children to [[Konzentrationslager Jungfernhof]], a concentration camp near Riga on December 6th, 1942. His father Simson Carlebach died just after the arrival. His mother, his uncle and aunt and their three daughters Ruth (b. 1926), Noemi (b.1927) und Sara (b. 1928) were executed in Bikernieki forest near Riga on March 26th, 1942. Only Carlebach's cousin Salomon Carlebach (b. August 17th 1925) survived and became rabbi in New York.

Felix Carlebach and his wife Babette escaped to Great Britain by support of British chief rabbi Joseph H. Hertz in 1939. Calebach said: It was one of the luckiest events of my life that my wife and I survived. ^[2] He became rabbi because of a need he said. World War II began and all rabbis had to join the army and over night's time there were jobs. I was simply put in. ^[3]

In Manchester he worked as a rabbi at Southgate United Synagoge from 1939 to 1947 replacing a rabbi who had joined the army. In 1954 he passed Magister artium exam at Victoria Unversity of Manchester. From 1947 until he retired in 1984 he worked as a rabbi at South Manchester Synagogue.

In 1985 Carlebach came back to Lübeck for the first time since 1939. Albrecht Schreiber, editor of Lübecker Nachrichten who published about the history of Jews in Lübeck, came to see Carlebach in Manchester beeing sent by Lübeck's mayor Robert Knüppel. Carlebach described Knüppel's intention: See him in Manchester, find out if he is willingly to reach out his hands, if he is willingly to pass a bridge I would like to build. ^[4] Carlebach described his reaction and the consequences: Brotherhod after the cruelties of the past. It was a very difficult matter (...) I did it and got excellent relationships to the authorities of Lübeck by the mayor and our former school. ^[5]

During his stay in Lübeck he visited Katharineum, his former school and met twelve of his former classmates he hadn't seen since 1939. We hugged each others and said: "Such may never happen again." ^[6]

In 1987 the city of Lübeck offered the citizenship by honor to Carlebach which re received on September 17th, 1987 in the town hall of Lübeck. Carlebach became the 19th citizen by honor of the city. ^[7]

At Carlebach's 90th birthday a Lübeck delegation went to see him in Manchester. Carlebach told Robert Knüppel and other members of the delegation to be in Lübeck in his thoughts and memories often although he was not able to go to his father's city because of his old age. ^[8]

The South Manchester Synagogue honored Carlebach by a plaque at the entrance of the new building beeing unveiled by the Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, in April 2003. He also planted a tree in Carlebach's honour. ^[9]

The Hallé Orchestra of Manchester honors Carlebach year by year by giving a symphony concert for which he chooses the program. ^[10]

The City of Lübeck honoured all members of the Carlebach rabbi family by naming a new park in Hochschulstadtteil near the university Carlebach-Park. .

[edit] Sources

• Presse- und Informationsamt der Hansestadt Lübeck (Hrsg): Festakt aus Anlass der Verleihung der Ehrenbürgerschaft der Hansestadt Lübeck an Rabbiner Felix F. Carlebach am 17. September 1987 im Bürgerschaftssaal des Lübecker Rathauses. Hansestadt Lübeck, Bürgerschaft und Senat, Lübeck 1987
• Sabine Niemann (Ed.): Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland, Ephraim-Carlebach-Stiftung (Hrsg). Dölling und Galitz. Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-926174-99-4

[edit] See also

• Carlebach

[edit] References

1. ^ [1] Biography on Katharineum zu Lübeck (German)
2. ^ Sabine Niemann: Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland, page 69: Die Tatsache, dass meine Frau und ich gerettet wurden, ist einer der größten Glücksfälle meines Lebens.
3. ^ Sabine Niemann: Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland, page 69 Der Weltkrieg war ausgebrochen, alle Kollegen wurden als Kriegsrabbiner in die Armee eingezogen, und über Nacht sind hier Stellen freigeworden. Da hat man mich einfach hineingesetzt.
4. ^ Sabine Niemann: Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland, page 71: Besuchen Sie ihn in Manchester, sehen Sie, ob er gewillt ist, uns die Hände zu reichen, über eine Brücke zu gehen, die ich zu schaffen bereit bin.
5. ^ Sabine Niemann: "Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland", page 71: Brüderlichkeit, nach den Greueltaten der Vergangenheit. Das war eine sehr schwierige Frage. (...) Ich hab’s über mich gebracht und durch den Bürgermeister und unsere alte Schule hervorragende Beziehungen zu den Behörden in Lübeck geknüpft.
6. ^ Sabine Niemann: Die Carlebachs, eine Rabbinerfamilie aus Deutschland, page 71: Wir sind uns um den Hals gefallen und haben gesagt: "Das darf nie wieder geschehen."
7. ^ Stadtzeitung Lübeck (German)
8. ^ [2] Stadtzeitung Lübeck, delegation in Manchester (German)
9. ^ South Manchester Synagogue
10. ^ Hallé orchestra