Fort Defiance, Arizona

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Country	United States
Fort Defiance, Arizona
Location in Apache County and the state of Arizona
State	Arizona
Counties	Apache
Area
- City	6.1 sq mi (15.8 km²)
Elevation	6,836 ft (2,084 m)
Population (2000)
- City	4,061
Time zone	MST (UTC-7)

Fort Defiance (Navajo: Tséhootsooí) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Apache County, Arizona, USA. The population was 4,061 at the 2000 census.

1 History
2 Geography
3 Demographics
4 Education
5 References
6 External links

[edit] History

Fort Defiance was established in 1851 to create a military presence in Diné bikéyah (Navaho territory). It was built on valuable grazing land that the federal government then prohibited the Navajo from using. As a result, the appropriately named fort experienced intense fighting, culminating in an unsuccessful 1860 attack by the Navajo. The next year, at the onset of the Civil War, the army abandoned Fort Defiance. Continued Navajo raids in the area led the army to send Kit Carson to impose order. His "solution" was brutal: thousands of starving Navajo were interned in Fort Sumner, New Mexico, and much of their livestock was destroyed. The Navajo Treaty of 1868 allowed those interned to return to a portion of their land, and Fort Defiance was reestablished as an Indian agency that year.

Fort Defiance, New Mexico (now Arizona) by Seth Eastman (1808 - 1875), painted 1873

[edit] Geography

Fort Defiance is located at 35°44′31″N, 109°4′0″W (35.742032, -109.066739)^GR1, on the Defiance Plateau about 4 miles north of Window Rock, Arizona.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 15.7 km² (6.1 mi²), all land.

[edit] Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 4,061 people, 1,115 households, and 890 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 258.3/km² (669.3/mi²). There were 1,321 housing units at an average density of 84.0/km² (217.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 4.53% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 92.86% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from other races, and 1.90% from two or more races. 1.35% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,115 households out of which 49.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 30.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.1% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.61 and the average family size was 4.15.

In the CDP the population was spread out with 40.0% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 4.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females there were 89.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $33,125, and the median income for a family was $35,448. Males had a median income of $35,455 versus $24,522 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,716. About 27.9% of families and 29.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.0% of those under age 18 and 32.5% of those age 65 or over.