Grading (tumors)
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In pathology, Grading is a measure of the progress of tumors.
Cancer is a disorder of cell growth, and cancerous cells often lack differentiation, resembling primitive cell types. An important part of evaluating a cancer is to determine its histologic grade. Grade is a marker of how differentiated a cell is. Grade is rated numerically (Grade 1-4) or descriptively (e.g., "high grade" or "low grade"). The higher the numeric grade, the more "poorly differentiated" is the cell, and it is called "high grade". A low grade cancer has a low number and is "well-differentiated." Grade is most commonly given on a three-tier scale. A cancer that is very poorly differentiated is called anaplastic. Tumors may be graded on four-tier, three-tier, or two-tier scales, depending on the institution and the tumor type. A three-tier scale is most commonly used.
[edit] Examples of grading schemes
| Grade 1 | Low grade | Well-differentiated |
| Grade 2 | Intermediate grade | Moderately-differentiated |
| Grade 3 | High grade | Poorly-differentiated |
| Grade 4 | Anaplastic | Anaplastic |
| Grade 1 | Low grade | Well-differentiated |
| Grade 2 | Intermediate grade | |
| Grade 3 | High grade | Poorly-differentiated |
| Grade 1 | Low grade | Well-differentiated |
| Grade 2 | High grade | Poorly-differentiated |
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
Benign - Premalignant - Carcinoma in situ - Malignant
Topography: Anus - Bladder - Bile duct - Bone - Brain - Breast - Cervix - Colon/rectum - Duodenum - Endometrium - Esophagus - Eye - Gallbladder - Head/Neck - Liver - Larynx - Lung - Mouth - Pancreas - Penis - Prostate - Kidney - Ovaries - Skin - Stomach - Testicles - Thyroid
Morphology: Papilloma/carcinoma - Choriocarcinoma - Adenoma/adenocarcinoma - Soft tissue sarcoma - Melanoma - Fibroma/fibrosarcoma - Metastasis - Lipoma/liposarcoma - Leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma - Rhabdomyoma/rhabdomyosarcoma - Mesothelioma - Angioma/angiosarcoma - Osteoma/osteosarcoma - Chondroma/chondrosarcoma - Glioma - Lymphoma/leukemia
Treatment: Surgery - Chemotherapy - Radiation therapy - Immunotherapy - Experimental cancer treatment
Related structures: Cyst - Dysplasia - Hamartoma - Neoplasia - Nodule - Polyp - Pseudocyst
Misc: Tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes - Staging/grading - Carcinogenesis/metastasis - Carcinogen - Research - Paraneoplastic phenomenon - ICD-O - List of oncology-related terms
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