Hankido
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Hankido | |
|---|---|
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| Korean name | |
| Hangul: |
한기도
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| Hanja: |
韓氣道
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| Revised Romanization: | Hangido |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Hankido |
The name hankido is a mix of hankuk (The Korean word for their country) and hapkido. The word hankido is often written with the han in archaic Korean. Where the letter a (ㅏ) is written with a . (dot). Hankido aims to be a martial art for and from the Korean people, accessible to everyone.
The word hankido actually consists of three different words:
- Han (한 / 韓): Korea, Korean culture and mentality (see Names of Korea).
- Ki (기 / 氣): Ki
- Do (도 / 道): The way
So you could say that hankido means: The way for Korean people to develop their internal energy/strength. Of course hankido is not just for Koreans, foreigners all over the world practice this martial art and benefit from it.
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[edit] History
Hankido is a relatively new hapkido style, developed by the late Myung Jae Nam. Myung Jae Nam studied traditional hapkido with Ji Han Jae which formed the basis of this new art. Traditional hapkido consisted of over 3000 techniques, but Myung's students asked for more, something that could be a never ending subject for their martial arts study. With this, Myung Jae Nam, after consulting a Japanese aikido practitioner, came up with his own style based on both aikido and hapkido. It is also said that because Korean people did not like their Japanese neighbours very much, that Myung Jae Nam decided to give the art of aikido a Korean name and change it into something that would suit the Korean mentality better. Myung Jae Nam did have connections with the Japanese Aikikai and wrote a book in which he explains both aikido and hapkido techniques. The book also features a picture of Morihei Ueshiba (the founder of aikido). In this book you can see many of the modern hankido techniques in a somewhat rough form. During the 1970's he was the official representative in Korea for the Aikikai.
Myung Jae Nam started the development of what we now know as hankido in the 1980s. This new hapkido style can be recognized by its elegant, circular movements which the hankido practitioner uses to get in control of his or her opponent. (See Aiki). Of course this is partly due to the fact that hankido has its roots partly in aikido, but also due to the fact that Myung Jae Nam, who was a talented dancer, mixed the techniques with traditional Korean dance. This part of hankido is called: Moo Yae Do Bub (무예도법).
Hankido was first officially introduced during the 1st International H.K.D Games in Seoul, South-Korea. The development of hankido did not stop there, and in the years after its introduction hankido lost some of its rough edges. Myung Jae Nam toured Europe and the United States to promote his new art until his death in 1999. During the 3rd edition of these games, Myung Jae Nam introduced another art, called hankumdo.
[edit] Hankido and hapkido
The difference between hapkido and hankido is that hankido is much more an internal art where hapkido is a semi-internal art. In hankido the principles of Won (圓), Yu (流), and Hwa (和) are much more visible in the application of the techniques, even to the extent where people wonder if these principles are truly understood by practitioners of traditional hapkido. The use of these principles is much more emphasized in hankido.
To give the hankido practitioner more insight into these principles, there are three exercises they can practice, the Sam Dae Wolly (삼대원리). The name of the exercise representing the circle-principle is called Jeon Hwan Bub (전환법). The name for the exercise of the flow-principle is called Young Nyu Bub (역류법) and the last exercise, representing the heart-principle, is called Shim Hwa Bub (심화법). This last one is also referred to as the rowing exercise.
The difference between aikido and hankido is that hankido finishes techniques off, whereas aikido (usually) lets the attacker go. Hankido practitioners also have to learn a lot of kicks, as you would expect from a Korean martial art.
[edit] Techniques
Another unique aspect of hankido is that it consists of twelve basic self-defense techniques (ho shin ki, 호신기) which are connected to 24 breathing techniques: twelve for the defender called 'Techniques of the Sky' (Chun Ki Bub, 천기법, 天氣法) and twelve techniques for the attacker called 'Techniques of the Earth' (Ji Ki Bub, 지기법, 地氣法). Heaven and Earth are each others opposites and thus resemble the Chinese Um (Yin) and Yang.
Of course there is more to hankido than just these twelve circle techniques, but these form the stable basis for every hankido practitioner. It is better to train one technique a thousand times than practice a thousand techniques only once.
[edit] Curriculum
There are 8 disciplines (directions) in which the I.H.F teaches the hankido curriculum.
- 1. Ho Shin Do Bup (Self defense)
- 2. Moo Ye Do Bup (Spinning/dancing techniques)
- 3. Su Jok Do Bup (Striking techniques)
- 4. Kyuk Ki Do Bup (Sparring techniques)
- 5. Ki Hap Do Bup (Ki-development techniques)
- 6. Byung Sool Do Bup (Weaponery)
- 7. Su Chim Do Bup (Use of pressure points)
- 8. Hwan Sang Do Bup (Visualisation and breathing exercises)
The twelve basic self defense techniques on which the hankido curriculum is build, are called:
- 1. Kwan Jul Ki Bub - 관절기법
- 2. Chi Ki Bub - 치기법
- 3. Sib Ja Ki Bub - 십자기법 / 十자기법
- 4. Nae Wae Ki Bub - 내외기법 / 內外기법
- 5. Kyeo Rang Ki Bub - 겨랑기법
- 6. Mok Kama Bub - 목감아법
- 7. Mok Keokki Bub - 목꺾기법
- 8. Oh Kae Too Bub - 어깨투법
- 9. Joong Pal Too Bub - 중팔투법
- 10. Hwae Jeon Too Bub - 회전투법
- 11. Pal Mok Ki Bub - 팔목기법
- 12. Pal Bae Ki Bub - 팔배기법
[edit] Development
After Myung Jae Nam's death the development of hankido has been overseen by the Jaenam Musul Won Foundation.
There are several international and Korean initiatives to spread the art of hankido. Most well known for his effort to do this is Master Ko Baek Yong from the Sang Moo Kwan International Training Center.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- International H.K.D. Federation Headquarters (Korean)
- Hankido Chile, Moon Mu Kwan
- H.K.D. in Belgium
- Incheon H.K.D. Organization (Korean)
- The Netherlands H.K.D. Federation
- Ji Yong Kwan
- Sang Moo Kwan
- German H.K.D. Federation
- The_Dojang email discussion forum for Hankido and other Korean Martial Arts
- The Martial Arts Resource
- U.S. Hankido Association - Mu Gong Kwan
- Semokwan Brasil - Confederação Brasileira de Hapkido-Hankido-Hankumdo
