Hicklin test
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The Hicklin test is a legal concept stemming from the English case R. v. Hicklin (1868), LR 3 QB 360, in English Common Law.
Congress can outlaw anything that, "deprives and corrupts those whose minds are open to such immoral influences and into whose hands a publication of this sort might fall." (i.e. children)
The test asks "whether the tendency of the matter charged as obscenity is to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influences." If yes, then such was declared to be obscene.