Hip Sing Tong
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Hip Sing Tong was a Chinese-American criminal organization based in New York's Chinatown during the turn of the century. They, along with their rivals the Four Brothers and the On Leong Tong, would be involved in the violent Tong wars for control of Chinatown during early 1900s. During the 1930s and 40s, the Hip Sings were involved in drug trafficking operations with the Kuomintang (KMT) and later the OPC. The would later establish chapters in Chinese-American communities throughout the United States in major cities such as Chicago, Seattle and San Francisco (the later being subject to a major drug raid by authorities in 1996).
[edit] Further reading
- Bonner, Arthur. Alas! What Brought Thee Hither?: The Chinese in New York 1800-1950. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-8386-3704-3
- MacIllwain, Jeffrey Scott. Organizing Crime in Chinatown: race and racketeering in New York City, 1890-1910. Jefferson, North Carloina: McFarland & Company, 2004. ISBN 0-7864-1626-2
- Scott, Peter Dale. Drugs, Oil, and War: the United States in Afghanistan, Colombia, and Indochina. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003. ISBN 0-7425-2522-8
