Huá
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Huá (滑) has a few meanings (e.g. smooth/silky/cunning/confusing), but it has also been used simply as a transliteration of the native names of perhaps two ancient tribes who dwelt along the Silk Road. Reconstruction of early Chinese pronunciations is aided by reference to archaic fossilizations preserved in languages like Korean, where the character 滑 is usually pronounced [ʍal] (Hangul: 활, also 골). In Japanese, the character 滑 is traditionally annotated as くわつ (*Kwat) or rarely as こつ (*Kot) and pronounced as "Katsu" in Modern Standard Japanese. In Xiamen (Amoy), where the natives speak a dialect of a very divergent Sinitic language called Min or Fujianese, the character is read as /kut8/. In Cantonese, the character is read as /waat6/ According to Liu Qiyu, Huá (滑) would have been pronounced as Huer/Hwer in Yangtze Delta dialects at the time of the Han Dynasty. Otherwise, the relevant pronunciation of the character 滑 should have been something like */ghwot/, */ghwor/, */ghwat/, or */ghwar/.
- Uar (polity) of Turan under the Hephthalite dynasty.
- Hua (state) of Henan destroyed by the Qin
- Huá (滑) clan of Linfen
[edit] See also
- Yufuluo (于扶罗)
- Hūsìmì (呼似密)
- Hephthalites
- Kashmir Smast
- Xionites
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