Human robot interaction
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Human-robot interaction (HRI) is the study of interactions between people (users) and robots. HRI is multidisciplinary with contributions from the fields of human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence, robotics, natural language understanding, and social science (psychology, cognitive science, anthropology, and human factors).
Robots are, or soon will be, used in such critical domains as search and rescue, military battle, mine and bomb detection, scientific exploration, law enforcement, entertainment, and hospital care. Such robots must coordinate their behaviors with the requirements and expectations of human team members; they are more than mere tools but rather quasi-team members whose tasks have to be integrated with those of humans.
The basic goal of HRI is to develop principles and algorithms to allow more natural and effective communication and interaction between humans and robots. Research ranges from how humans will work with remote, tele-operated unmanned vehicles to peer-to-peer collaboration with anthropomorphic robots. Many in the field of HRI study how humans collaborate and interact and use those studies to motivate how robots should interact with humans.
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[edit] Origins
Human-robot interaction has been a topic of both science fiction and academic speculation even before any robots existed. Because HRI depends on a knowledge of (sometimes natural) human communication, many aspects of HRI are continuations of human communications topics that are much older than robotics per se.
[edit] Properties
In the paper of Robotic User Interfaces[1], it was suggested that a robotic user interface can be described by the following four properties:
- Tool - Toy Scale
- Is the system designed to solve a problem effectively or is it just for entertainment?
- Remote Control - Autonomous Scale
- Does the robot require remote control or is it capable of action without direct human influence?
- Reactive - Dialogue Scale
- Does the robot rely on a fixed interaction pattern or is it able to have dialogue--exchange of information--with a human?
- Anthropomorphism Scale
- Does it have the shape or properties of a human?
[edit] Aspects/topics
HRI topics can be indexed by the involved disciplines, the types and configurations of robots that are involved, or the intended application. These topics overlap.
[edit] By discipline
- Haptics
- Automatic speech recognition
- Gesture recognition
- Dialog management
- Face recognition
- Linguistics
- Multi-modal fusion
- Multi-modal fission
- Telematics
- Human-computer interaction
- Artificial intelligence
- Human-robot collaboration
- Computer-supported collaborative work
[edit] By robot type/configuration
- Autonomous robots
- Mobile robots
- Humanoid robots
- Robot Teams
- Robot simulations
[edit] By application
- Healthcare
- Field Robotics
- Hospitality
- Manufacturing
- Search
- Entertainment
- Home Appliance
[edit] Conferences
- The IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN) was founded in 1992 by Profs. Toshio Fukuda, Hisato Kobayashi, Hiroshi Harashima and Fumio Hara. Early workshop participants were mosly Japanese, and the first eight workshops were held in Japan. Since 2000, workshops have been held in Europe and the United States as well as Japan, and participation has been of international scope.
- The First ACM International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2006) was held in March of 2006.
- The Second ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2007) was held in March 2007.
[edit] Related conferences
There are many conferences that are not exclusively HRI, but deal with broad aspects of HRI, and often have HRI papers presented.
- IEEE-RAS/RSJ International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids)
- Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp)
- IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
- Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI)
- Computer Human Interaction (CHI)
- American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
- Interact
[edit] Related journals
There is no HRI Journal per se, but there are several more general journals in which one will find HRI articles.
- International Journal of Humanoid Robotics
- Interaction Studies Journal
- Artificial Intelligence
- Systems, Man and Cybernetics
