Influences on painter Francis Bacon

Figure with Meat (1954), Francis Bacon was influenced by both Velázquez and Rembrandt

The painter Francis Bacon was largely self-taught as an artist. His influences included:

Pablo Picasso, in particular the biomorphic figures in Picasso's paintings of bathers at Dinard of 1927-32.
Diego Velázquez, Velázquez’s portrait of Pope Innocent X (1649–50). "that Velázquez is one of the great paintings of the world, of course - well, I was very obsessed with that Velázquez and, of course, I made a great mistake…". Bacon painted several versions of it, of which Figure with Meat (1954) is an atypically Grand Guignol example. Bacon never actually saw the original Velázquez.

Vincent van Gogh, van Gogh’s The Painter on the Road to Tarascon (July 1888).
Rembrandt Self-portrait (Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence)
Chaim Soutine Céret period (1919-1923), Carcass of Beef (1926) (Minneapolis)
John Constable - the full size oil-sketch for The Leaping Horse at the V&A.
Titian Portrait of Cardinal Filippo Archinto (c.1551-1562)
the drawings of Michelangelo
Henri Matisse Bathers by a River (1909-16), Although Bacon said that "He doesn't have Picasso's 'Brutality of Fact'" (Interviews with Francis Bacon), David Sylvester has convincingly argued in his essay Bacon and Matisse (1996) [revised as Bacon IV in About Modern Art] for Matisse's pervasive influence on Bacon's painting.
Pharonic Egyptian sculpture of the Eighteenth dynasty, from the rule of Amenophis III and Amenophis IV especially.
Masaccio Trinity c.1424-1428 Santa Maria Novella (Bacon greatly admired Masaccio and similarities between the composition of Trinity and Painting (1946) have been noted).
Marcel Duchamp
Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres Oedipus and the Sphinx (1826-1827), Le Bain Turc (1859-1863)
Edgar Degas After the Bath, Woman drying herself (1888-1892), Beach Scene (1868-1877) (Both in the collection of the National Gallery, London.)

Crucifix (1287-88), by Cimabue was an reoccuring influence on much of Bacon's mid-1940s and early 1960s work

Walter Sickert Granby Street (1912-1913)
Henri Michaux Untitled (1962)
Pierre Bonnard
Georges-Pierre Seurat
Cimabue "You know the great Cimabue Crucifixion? I always think of that as an image - as a worm crawling down the cross."
Alberto Giacometti drawings
Matthias Grünewald Isenheim Altarpiece
Julia Margaret Cameron
Étienne-Jules Marey
Eadweard Muybridge "My principal source of visual information is Muybridge, the 19th-century photographer who photographed human and animal movement. His work is unbelievably precise. He created a visual dictionary of movement, a living dictionary."

Woman walking downstairs, by Eadweard Muybridge

Nadar
John Deakin. Regular at the Colony Room Club and noted photographer who took portraits of Bacons friends on which many of his 1960's paintings were based.

Luis Buñuel. "I've been very influenced by the films of Buñuel, especially Un chien andalou because I think that Buñuel had a remarkable precision of imagery. I can't say how they have directly effected me but they certainly have affected my whole attitude to visual things - in the acuteness of the visual image which you've got to make."

Sergei Eisenstein. Strike (Стачка, 1925) and The Battleship Potemkin (Броненосец „Потёмкин“, 1925), especially the famous scene on the Odessa Steps.

Bacon also drew inspiration from the poems of T. S. Eliot, Pound and Yeats; the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Shakespeare; Proust and the Joyce of Ulysses.