Interconnectedness
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Interconnectedness is part of the terminology of a worldview which sees a oneness in all things. A similar term, interdependence, is sometimes used instead, although there are slightly different connotations. Both terms tend to refer to the idea that all things are of a single underlying substance and reality, and that there is no true separation deeper than appearances. Some feel that 'interconnectedness' and similar terms are part of a contemporary lexicon of mysticism, which is based on the same core idea of universal oneness.
[edit] Religion
The mystics have related this as the notion of 'All in one, and one in all' - which, in turn, relates to the theological concept of panentheism (not the linguistically similar, but philosophically and operationally distinct word pantheism), but in the most thorough meaning of that term: not that 'All is within god' (as your breakfast might be within you), or that 'God is solely within all' (the same analogy), but, rather, that the two - god and the creation (or in secular terms the commonweal/commonwealth) are all one within one-another: ie a complete exo-/endo- conception of interconnectedness.
[edit] Implications
In terms of religion, spirituality, personal world-views and paradigms, the theology of 'god present within every human being' - a concept familiar to Quakers and to Lutherans (and others religious traditions?) might help to explain various life actions (e.g. Quaker testimonies) such as, for example, the rejection of human slavery (to own a slave would, in this cosmo-theological world-view, be to claim ownership of 'that of god' present within the slave.)
In global political, social, and ecological terms, the concept of co-relational, 'All in one, one in all', panentheistic, exo-/endo-interconnectedness will doubtless have significant economic, distributional, moral, ethical, political, personal, social, and ecological ramifications.