James David Edgar

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sir James David Edgar, PC, KCMG (August 10, 1841 - July 31, 1899) was a Canadian politician.

In his twenties, Edgar was a law student, legal editor of the Toronto Globe, an alderman on Toronto's city council, and an organizer for the Liberal Party in Ontario. He was also rare among English Canadians of the time for his sympathy for the rights of French-Canadians. Edgar was married to Matilda Ridout and together they had nine children.

Born in Hatley, Canada East (later Quebec), Edgar was educated in Lennoxville and Quebec City. He moved to Toronto as an adult and became a lawyer in 1864. He was elected an alderman in 1866, and was a supporter of George Brown and the Reform Party. He ran as a Liberal in the 1871 Ontario provincial election, but was defeated by a margin of four votes in his attempt to win a seat in the provincial legislature.

He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1872 federal election, and became Whip in the caucus of Alexander Mackenzie. He helped bring down the Conservative government over the Pacific Scandal. However, despite the election of a Liberal government in the ensuing election, Edgar was defeated in his own riding.

In 1874, he started a railway company called the Ontario and Pacific Junction Railway. This was an attempt to build a line between Toronto and Lake Nipissing. In 1881, it was renamed the Ontario and Sault Ste. Marie Railway. Both ventures failed to win a contract. Fred Cumberland, a partner in the O&PJR venture, formed a rival company called the Northern and Pacific Junction Railway. In 1888, the N&PJR merged with the Grand Trunk Railway.

Edgar was undaunted by these setbacks and in 1889 started a new company called the Belt Line Railway in Toronto. This new venture sought to build a commuter rail line in Toronto connecting downtown with neighbourhoods as far north as Eglinton Avenue between the Don River and the Humber River. Eventually two rail loops were built with 44 stations in total. The railway opened in 1892 but ran for only two years, four months before going bankrupt.

He used his experience to become the Liberal's railway critic when he returned to Parliament (and the Opposition benches) through an 1884 by-election.

In the 1880s, Edgar became a vocal opponent of the Protestant Protective Association, an anti-Catholic political party associated with the Ontario Conservative Party. He argued in favour of tolerance and cooperation between English and French Canadians as well as between Protestants and Catholics. He also argued against the concept of Imperial Federation, for greater Canadian independence from Britain, and in favour of reciprocity with the United States.

When the Liberals formed a government under Sir Wilfrid Laurier following the 1896 federal election, Edgar was nominated to become Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons, and was given a knighthood by Queen Victoria. Edgar was in poor health, however, and died in 1899 prior to the end of this term.

[edit] External links

• Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
• Synopsis of federal political experience from the Library of Parliament
• Russell, C.H. 1996. Tightening the belt: a history of the Toronto Belt Line Railway. City of Toronto Archives

Parliament of Canada
Preceded by Lachlin McCallum	Member of Parliament from Monck 1872–1874	Succeeded by Lachlin McCallum
Preceded by George Wheler	Member of Parliament from Ontario West 1884–1899	Succeeded by Isaac Gould
Political offices
Preceded by Peter White	Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons 1896-08-19–1899-07-31	Succeeded by Thomas Bain