John Rodker
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John Rodker (18 December 1894 – 6 October 1955) was a British writer, modernist poet, and publisher of some of the major modernist figures. He was born in Manchester into a Jewish immigrant family, who moved to London while he was still young.
As a young man he was one of the Whitechapel Boys, a group including Isaac Rosenberg, Samuel Weinstein and Joseph Lefkowitz (who came up with the name, with hindsight). From about 1911, when Rosenberg arrived, they began to aspire to literary careers; and in the years before 1914 Rodker was a published essayist and poet, in The New Age of A. R. Orage and elsewhere. Other 'Whitechapel Boys' were the painters David Bomberg and Mark Gertler; they all met together at or near the Whitechapel Art Gallery.
During World War I Rodker was a conscientious objector. He went on the run, sheltering with the poet R. C. Trevelyan, and served a sentence in Dartmoor Prison. In 1919 he started the Ovid Press, a small press which lasted about a year. It published T. S. Eliot and Ezra Pound (the first edition of Hugh Selwyn Mauberley) and portfolios of drawings by Wyndham Lewis, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska and Edward Wadsworth. That same year Rodker took over from Pound as foreign editor of the New York magazine The Little Review.
In the 1920s he spent time in Paris on the second edition of James Joyce's Ulysses, at that time subject to censorship, and French translations of Joyce. He then set up the Casanova Society, for limited editions. He continued in publishing, on occult subjects under the imprint J. Rodker also, until a bankruptcy in 1932, when (along with other such ventures such as the Fanfrolico Press) his business folded in the Depression. He was included in the 1930 Faber and Faber collection Our Exagmination Round His Factification for Incamination of Work in Progress of Joyceans.
For a period he dropped publishing, concentrating on translation from French literature, and agency work for Preslit, the Soviet overseas literature organ. At this time too he apparently abandoned literary ambitions for himself. In 1937, the centennial of the death of Aleksandr Pushkin, he set up the Pushkin Press, another small press, publishing Oliver Elton's English version of Evgeny Onegin and a trickle of other books.
The Imago Publishing Company was a separate and much more substantial venture, set up after Sigmund Freud arrived in 1938 in London. The stocks of Freud's works left when he fled Vienna and the Nazis had been destroyed; Rodker with Anna Freud worked to publish a complete edition. This was done over a dozen years, being finished in 1952. Imago was wound up in 1961.
He was awarded the Légion d'Honneur by France.
He married three times. His first wife was the writer Mary Butts (1890-1937); they married in May 1918 (he had already a daughter, Joan Rodker, from an earlier relationship with Sonia Cohen). His daughter by Mary Butts was called Camilla. The second marriage was to Barbara McKenzie-Smith, a painter, resulting in a son, John Paul, whose name was later changed to John Paul Morrison when his mother remarried. Their friend, Moura Budberg, was asked to be his godmother. The third marriage was to Marianne Rais, a Paris bookseller and daughter of his translator Ludmila Savitzky, who survived him.
[edit] Works
- Poems (1914) first collection
- Hymns (1920) Ovid Press
- Montagnes Russes (1923) in French translation by Ludmila Savitzky
- Dartmoor (1926) in French translation by Ludmila Savitzky
- The Future of Futurism (1926)
- Adolphe 1920 (1929)
- Collected Poems, 1912-1925 (1930)
- Memoirs of Other Fronts (1932)
- Poems & Adolphe 1920 (1996) Carcanet Press reissue
[edit] References
- Anglo-Jewish poetry from Isaac Rosenberg to Elaine Feinstein by Peter Lawson: ISBN 0-85303-617-9
