Josiah Belden

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Josiah Belden

Josiah Belden (1815–1892) was an American, pioneer, and politician.

Born in Connecticut, Belden was orphaned by the time he was 14. He later moved to St. Louis, Missouri and became a successful businessman. In 1841 he joined the Bidwell-Bartleson Party, the first organized emigrant party to use the California Trail to reach the Mexican province of Alta California. The party was detained at Mission San Jose by Comandante General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo for illegally entering Mexico without valid passports; Vallejo violated his orders to force all American immigrants to leave California, allowing the group to remain after becoming Mexican citizens.

By 1842, Belden was living in Branciforte (now Santa Cruz), when the USS United States, under the command of Commodore Thomas ap Catesby Jones, captured the near-by Presidio of Monterey on October 20. Jones appointed Belden alcalde, a political position that combines the functions of a mayor, a judge, and a sheriff. On October 21, Jones discovered that the U.S. and Mexico were not at war, and returned the Presidio back to the Mexican forces; Belden's short term as alcalde also ended.

In 1844 Belden was given title to Rancho de la Barranca Colorada in current Tehama County by Vallejo. In 1846, Belden gave William B. Ide 50 percent ownership of the rancho in what is now Red Bluff, in exchange for Ide operating the ranch. He sold the Ide family the entire rancho in 1849.

In 1848, Belden opened a store in San Jose. After San Jose became the first incorporated city in California, Belden was elected its first mayor on April 8, 1850. He served a single one year term, and was elected to serve as a member of the city's Common Council for a one year term in 1851.

Belden's letters and journal were published in 1962 as Josiah Belden, 1841 California Pioneer : His Memoir and Early Letters. His grandson, Charles Josiah Belden, was a well known western photographer.