Karl-Otto Apel
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Karl-Otto Apel (born March 15, 1922 in Düsseldorf) is a German philosopher. He is a Professor Emertus at the University of Frankfurt am Main. Apel's work brings together the Analytical and Continental philosophical traditions.
He is a friend and colleague of Juergen Habermas, and has developed a system of discourse ethics. While sympathetic to Habermas' "Theory of Communicative Action," Apel has been critical of some aspects of Habermas' approach. Apel has proposed that a theory of communication should be grounded in a transcendental fashion, while Habermas prefers "weak transcendentalism" that remains empirically tied to conditions observed in the world.