Labor Code of the Philippines
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The Labor Code of the Philippines stands as the law governing employment practices and labor relations in the Philippines. It was enacted in 1974 by President Ferdinand Marcos, in the exercise of his then extant legislative powers.
[edit] Features
The Labor Code prescribes the rules for hiring and termination of private employees; the conditions of work including maximum work hours and overtime; employee benefits such as holiday pay, thirteenth month pay and retirement pay; and the guidelines in the organization and membership in labor unions as well as in collective bargaining.
The Labor Code contains several provisions which are beneficial to labor. Private employees cannot be terminated from employment except for just or authorized causes as prescribed in Article 282 to 284 of the Code. The right to trade union is expressly recognized, as is the right of a union to insist on a closed shop. Strikes are also authorized for as long as they comply with the strict requirements under the Code, and workers who organize or participate in illegal strikes may be subject to dismissal. Moreover, Philippine jurisprudence has long applied a rule that any doubts in the interpretation of law, especially the Labor Code, will be resolved in favor of labor and against management.
