Marcellin Boule
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Marcellin Boule (1 January 1861 — 4 July 1942) was a French palaeontologist who helped to inform the public about the hoax, "Piltdown man". Boule recognized that the jaw belonged to that of an ape, rather than an ancient human.
He studied and published his analysis of the La Chapelle Neandertal and characterized it as Brutish, Bent Kneed and not a fully erect biped. As a result Neandertals were viewd as highly primitive creatures in subsequent years.