Mechanical overload
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[edit] Mechanical Overload
The failure or fracture of a product or component in a single event is known as overload. It s a common failure mode, and may be contrasted with fatigue, creep rupture or stress relaxation. The terms are used in forensic engineering and structural engineering when analysing product failure. Failure may occur because either the product is weaker than expected owing to a stress concentration, or the applied load is greater than expected and exceeds the normal tensile strength, shear strength or compressive strength of the product.
[edit] Examples
A recent example of overload failure is the collapse of the World Trade Center when one floor crashed onto the one below, so overloading the joints holding the floors. There was then a cascade of floors, each overloading the one below. Other examples are the many components which fail in car crashes train crashes and airplane crashes as a result of impact loading. The problem for the investigator is to determine which failures have been caused by the crash, and which may have caused the crash. It usually involves examining the broken part for signs of fatigue crack growth or other damage to the part which cannot be attributed to the crash itself.
[edit] See Also
[edit] References
- Strength of Materials, 3rd edition, Krieger Publishing Company, 1976, by Timoshenko S.,ISBN 0-88275-420-3
- Forensic Materials Engineering: Case Studies by Peter Rhys Lewis, Colin Gagg, Ken Reynolds, CRC Press (2004).
