Mercedes de Acosta
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mercedes de Acosta (March 1, 1893 - May 9, 1968) was a Spanish-American poet, playwright, costume designer, and socialite best known for her lesbian affairs with Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich, Alla Nazimova, Eva Le Gallienne, Isadora Duncan, Katharine Cornell, Maude Adams, Ona Munson ("Belle Watling" in the movie Gone with the Wind), Adele Astaire, and others.
It was a reputation not appreciated by everyone. As Alice B. Toklas (also a noted lesbian) wrote to a disapproving friend, Anita Loos,
- "...you can't dispose of Mercedes lightly – she has had the two most important women in the US – Greta Garbo and Marlene Dietrich." [1]
Four of her plays were produced, and she published a novel and three volumes of poetry.
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[edit] Background
She was born to a Cuban father, Ricardo de Acosta, and a Spanish mother, Micaela Hernandez de Alba y de Alba, who herself was a descendant of the Spanish Dukes of Alba, in New York City in 1893. She had several siblings: Aida, Ricardo Jr, Angela, Maria, and Rita. The last would become a famous beauty best known as Rita Lydig.
Mercedes de Acosta married Abram Poole (1882–1961), a noted painter and socialite, in 1920. They divorced in 1935. Both he and she were homosexuals.
[edit] Personal life
Although talented in her professional field, it is no doubt her personal life that has made her famous in Hollywood circles. She became involved in numerous lesbian relationships with Hollywood's elite, and although lesbianism and bisexuality in Hollywood was common in its early years, she was one of the few of the time who did not attempt to hide her sexuality.
In 1916 she began an affair with actress Alla Nazimova, and shortly thereafter started an affair with young actress Tallulah Bankhead, and later dancer Isadora Duncan. Shortly after marrying Abram Poole in 1920, de Acosta became involved in a turbulent five-year relationship with actress Eva Le Gallienne. The two women vacationed and travelled together often, at times visiting the salon of famed writer and socialite Natalie Barney in Europe. [1] De Acosta wrote two plays for Eva during that time, Sandro Botticelli and Jehanne de Arc. Neither were successful, and the combined financial failures of both plays and de Acosta's possessive and jealous nature brought the affair to an end. [2] [3]
Over the next decade she amassed an ensemble of female partners, all of whom were either rising stars, or aging stars. These included Rudolph Valentino's alleged fiancée, Pola Negri, writer Edith Wharton, writer and stage actress Katharine Cornell, socialite Dorothy ("Dickie") Fellowes-Gordon, and with writer Amy Lowell.
De Acosta was involved with married Russian ballerina Tamara Platonovna Karsavina throughout her life, after their first meeting in 1920. The two were as much friends as they were lovers, and Karsavina was one of the few who continued to be friendly toward de Acosta following the controversial autobiography released by the latter, exposing many of her relationships to the public.
[edit] Affair with Greta Garbo
In 1931, she met and quickly became involved with Greta Garbo. The two were introduced to one another by de Acosta's lover at the time, author Salka Viertel. Her relationship with Garbo has often been described as "the love of her lifetime".
It is doubtful from all information from the time that Garbo shared those feelings. Garbo was in control of the affair, and the two would be together for lengthy periods often taking vacations together, then apart for long spells without Garbo even acknowledging de Acosta, and everything was at the will of Garbo. In 1944, Garbo ended the on-again off-again relationship. At that time, she insisted de Acosta stop sending her poems and letters professing her love. The last known poem written by de Acosta for Garbo was written that same year. By all accounts, de Acosta remained in love with Garbo for the remainder of her lifetime.
[edit] Travels in India
In the 1930's Mercedes had acquired an interest in Eastern spirituality through one of her acquaintances, the Princess Norina Matchabelli. Norina was a follower of the Indian mystic, Meher Baba. For many years De Acosta was captivated by Meher Baba and spent time in his company when he visited Hollywood. In fact, Meher Baba made mention of de Acosta's affection for Greta Garbo, saying they had been married in a previous life (of Garbo, Meher Baba said she was the most spiritual of the Hollywood actresses of that era). De Acosta also went to India to meet with Meher Baba. Over the years however she lost focus on Meher Baba until the 1950s, when she met him for the last time. [4], [5] According to her published memoir Here Lies the Heart, Mercedes also met Ramana Maharishi, with whom she was more impressed than she was with Meher Baba.
[edit] Later life, controversial autobiography
Her memoir, Here Lies the Heart[2], was published in 1960 because Mercedes was seriously ill with a brain tumor and in need of money.
Its revelations, though highly sanitized and supported as fact, resulted in the severing of numerous friendships of famous women who preferred their sexuality remain private, including that of the mercurial Garbo. Eva Le Gallienne in particular was furious, and completely did away with anything reminding her of de Acosta. Many denounced her as a liar, stating that she invented these stories for fame. This is unlikely, as most of the affairs have been confirmed through personal correspondence, and many of the affairs were known to Hollywood insiders, but were kept out of the headlines for the sake of the actresses' careers.
She found herself cut off from many of her friends and increasingly in financial straits. De Acosta died at age 75 in relative poverty and obscurity.
She is buried with her mother and sister, Rita Lydig [3] at Trinity Cemetery in Washington Heights, New York City.
[edit] Further reading
- McLellan, Diana (2001). The Girls : Sappho Goes to Hollywood. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 0-312-28320-2.
[edit] References
- ^ Schanke, Robert A (2004). That Furious Lesbian: The Story of Mercedes de Acosta. Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 0-8093-2579-9.
- ^ de Acosta, Mercedes (1960). Here Lies the Heart. ISBN 0-405-07360-7.
- ^ Rita de Acosta. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
[edit] External links
- Mercedes de Acosta at the Internet Movie Database
- Mercedes de Acosta at the Internet Broadway Database
- Mercedes de Acosta Revisted
- Mercedes de Acosta: Playwright, Lesbian Pioneer and Lover to the Stars
- Mercedes de Acosta - One Woman's Meeting With Enlightenment
- The Awakener Magazine
- Lord Meher, pp. 1940, Bhau Kalchuri, Manifestation, Inc.
