Middlesex (UK Parliament constituency)

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Middlesex County constituency
Created:	1265
Abolished:	1885
Type:	House of Commons
Members:	two

Middlesex is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885.

Contents 1 Boundaries and boundary changes 2 Members of Parliament 2.1 Knights of the shire 1265-1660 2.2 Knights of the shire 1660-1885 3 Elections 3.1 General Notes 3.2 Results 1660-1885 3.2.1 Parliament of England 3.2.2 Parliament of Great Britain 3.2.3 Parliament of the United Kingdom 4 See also 5 References

[edit] Boundaries and boundary changes

This county constituency consisted of the historic county of Middlesex, in south-eastern England comprising the north-west of the modern Greater London region. Its southern boundary was the River Thames. See Middlesex for maps of the historic county and details about it.

The county returned two knights of the shire until 1885. The place of election for the county was at the county town of Brentford.

Until 1832 the county franchise was limited to 40 shilling freeholders. The decrease in the value of money due to inflation and the expansion of the wealth and population of the county, as the urbanised area in the east around London and Westminster grew, both contributed to gradually expanding the electorate. The county was estimated by Henning to have about 1,660 voters in 1681. Sedgwick estimated about 3,000 electors in the 1715-1754 period. Namier and Brook suggested there were about 3,500 county voters 1754-1790. The number had reached about 6,000 by 1790-1820, according to Thorne.

For subsequent changes in the county franchise see Reform Act 1832 and Reform Act 1867. From 1832 voters were registered, so see the electorate figures in the election results below for details of how many men were enfranchised.

The geographic county, up to 1885, also contained the borough constituencies of City of London (first recorded as enfranchised with 4 seats from 1298) and Westminster (enfranchised with 2 seats from 1545). In 1832 some additional two member Boroughs were enfranchised; Finsbury, Marylebone and Tower Hamlets. In 1868 further metropolitan Boroughs were granted two members; Chelsea and Hackney. In addition the non-territorial University constituency of London University, which received one seat in 1868 was somewhat connected to the county.

In 1885 the county was split into numerous single-member borough and seven county divisions, although the City of London remained a multi-member constituency with two seats.

The historic county was divided between two administrative counties from 1889. The borough constituencies that comprised the eastern part of the historic county became part of the administrative county of London. The county divisions in the western part of the historic county, in what became the administrative county of Middlesex, were Brentford, Ealing, Enfield, Harrow, Hornsey, Tottenham and Uxbridge.

There were no Parliamentary boroughs, in the part of the historic county of Middlesex that was to become the administrative county of Middlesex.

[edit] Members of Parliament

Preliminary note: The English civil year started on 25 March until 1752 (Scotland having changed to 1 January in 1600). The year used in the lists of Parliaments in this article have been converted to the new style where necessary. It should be noted that old style dates would be a year earlier than the new style for days between 1 January and 24 March. No attempt has been made to compensate for the eleven days which did not occur in September 1752 in both England and Scotland as well as other British controlled territories (when the day after 2 September was 14 September), so as to bring the British Empire fully in line with the Gregorian calendar.

Constituency created (1265): See De Montfort's Parliament for further details. Knights of the shire are known to have been summoned to most Parliaments from 1290 (19th Parliament of King Edward I of England) and to every one from 1320 (19th Parliament of King Edward II of England).

[edit] Knights of the shire 1265-1660

Some of the members elected during this period have been identified, but this list does not include Parliaments where no member has been identified before the reign of King Henry VIII. In the list (as opposed to the table below) the year given is for the first meeting of the Parliament, with the month added where there was more than one Parliament in the year. If a second year is given this is a date of dissolution. Early Parliaments usually only existed for a few days or weeks, so dissolutions in the same year as the first meeting are not recorded in this list If a specific date of election is known this is recorded in italic brackets. The roman numerals in brackets, following some names, are those used to distinguish different politicians of the same name in 'The House of Commons' 1509-1558 and 1558-1603.

In this period, Parliament was not an institution with a regular pattern of elections and sittings. Therefore a separate entry is made for each Parliament, even if the same Knight of the Shire served in successive Parliaments.

List of known Knights of the Shire before 1509

• 1295 November: William de Brook; Stephen de Gravesend
• 1296: Richard de Wyndesor; Richard le Rous
• 1297 October: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1298 March: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1298 May: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1300: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1301: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1302 October: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1305 February: Richard le Rous; ?
• 1306: Richard le Rous; ?

Table of Knights of the Shire 1509-1660

Summoned	Elected	Assembled	Dissolved	First Member	Second Member
17 October 1509	1509/10	21 January 1510	23 February 1510	Sir Thomas Lovell (I)	unknown
28 November 1511	1511/12	4 February 1512	4 March 1514	unknown	unknown
23 November 1514	1514/15	5 February 1515	22 December 1515	unknown	unknown
unknown	1523	15 April 1523	13 August 1523	Sir Thomas More (I) a	unknown
9 August 1529	1529	3 November 1529	14 April 1536	Robert Wroth b	Richard Hawkes c
27 April 1536	1536	8 June 1536	18 July 1536	unknown	unknown
1 March 1539	1539	28 April 1539	24 July 1540	Sir Ralph Sadler	Robert Cheeseman
23 November 1541	1541/42	16 January 1542	28 March 1544	Robert Cheeseman	John Hughes d
1 December 1544	1544/45	23 November 1545	31 January 1547	Sir William Paget	Thomas Wroth
2 August 1547	1547	4 November 1547	15 April 1552	Sir Thomas Wroth	John Newdigate
5 January 1553	1553	1 March 1553	31 March 1553	Sir Robert Bowes	Sir Thomas Wroth
14 August 1553	1553	5 October 1553	5 December 1553	Sir Edward Hastings	John Newdigate
17 February 1554	1554	2 April 1554	3 May 1554	Sir Edward Hastings	John Newdigate
3 October 1554	1554	12 November 1554	16 January 1555	Sir Edward Hastings	Sir Roger Cholmley
3 September 1555	1555	21 October 1555	9 December 1555	Sir Edward Hastings	Sir Roger Cholmley
6 December 1557	1557/58	20 January 1558	17 November 1558	Sir Roger Cholmley	John Newdigate
5 December 1558	29 December 1558	23 January 1559	8 May 1559	Sir Roger Cholmley	Sir Thomas Wroth
10 November 1562	1562/63	11 January 1563	2 January 1567	Sir William Cordell	Sir Thomas Wroth
unknown	1571	2 April 1571	29 May 1571	Francis Newdigate	John Newdigate
28 March 1572	1572	8 May 1572	19 April 1583	Robert Wroth (I)	Sir Owen Hopton
12 October 1584	1584	23 November 1584	14 September 1585	Robert Wroth (I)	Sir Owen Hopton
15 September 1586	1586	15 October 1586	23 March 1587	Robert Wroth (I)	William Fleetwood (III)
18 September 1588	19 December 1588	4 February 1589	29 March 1589	Robert Wroth (I)	William Fleetwood (III)
4 January 1593	1593	18 February 1593	10 April 1593	Robert Wroth (I)	Francis Bacon
23 August 1597	15 September 1597	24 October 1597	9 February 1598	Sir Robert Wroth (I)	Sir John Peyton (I)
11 September 1601	8 October 1601	27 October 1601	19 December 1601	Sir John Fortescue (I)	Sir Robert Wroth (I)
31 January 1604	1604	19 March 1604	9 February 1611	Sir W. Fleetwood	Sir R. Wroth
unknown	1614	5 April 1614	7 June 1614	Sir J. Caesar	Sir T. Lake
13 November 1620	1620/21	16 January 1621	8 February 1622	Sir F. Darcy	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt
20 December 1623	1623/24	12 February 1624	27 March 1625	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt	Sir J. Sucklyn
2 April 1625	1625	17 May 1625	12 August 1625	Sir J. Francklyn	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt
20 December 1625	1626	6 February 1626	15 June 1626	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt	Sir E. Spencer
31 January 1628	1628	17 March 1628	10 March 1629	Sir F. Darcy	Sir H. Spiller
20 February 1640	1640	13 April 1640	5 May 1640	unknown	unknown
24 September 1640	1640	3 November 1640	16 March 1660 e	Sir J. Francklyn f	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt
	18 May 1648			Sir E. Spencer

Notes:-

• ^a Speaker of the House of Commons.
• ^b Wroth ceased to be an MP after 11 May 1535. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
• ^c Hawkes ceased to be MP by May/June 1532. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
• ^d Hughes ceased to be a MP after January/April 1543. It is unknown if there was a by-election.
• ^e In theory the Long Parliament existed throughout the 1640-1660 term, as it could not be lawfully dissolved without its own consent which was not given until 1660. In practice all or part of the membership of the House of Commons were not permitted to sit for lengthy periods. Other bodies considered to be Parliaments existed within parts of the term of the Long Parliament.
• ^f Francklyn died and a by-election was held.

Table of Members of the Protectorate Parliaments 1654-1659

The County had four representatives in the First and Second and the usual two in the Third of the Protectorate Parliaments

Summoned	Elected	Assembled	Dissolved	1st Member	2nd Member	3rd Member	4th Member
1 June 1654	1654	3 September 1654	22 January 1655	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown
10 July 1656	1656	17 September 1656	4 February 1658	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown
9 December 1658	1658/59	27 January 1659	22 April 1659	Francis Gerard	unknown

[edit] Knights of the shire 1660-1885

Year	1st Member		1st Party	2nd Member		2nd Party
1660		Sir Lancelot Lake	Non Partisan		Sir William Waller	Non Partisan
1661					Sir Thomas Allen, Bt	Non Partisan
1679		Sir Robert Peyton	Non Partisan		Sir William Roberts, Bt	Non Partisan
1681		Robert Atkyns	Non Partisan
1681		Nicholas Raynton	Non Partisan
1685		Sir Charles Gerard, Bt	Non Partisan		Ralph Hawtrey	Non Partisan
1695		Edward Russell	Non Partisan		Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Non Partisan
1696		Sir John Bucknall	Non Partisan
1698		Warwick Lake	Non Partisan
1701					Hugh Smithson	Tory
1701					John Austen	Whig
1702					Hugh Smithson	Tory
1705		Scorie Barker	Non Partisan		Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Non Partisan
1709					John Austen	Whig
1710		Hon. James Bertie	Tory		Hugh Smithson	Tory
1722					Sir John Austen	Whig
1727					Sir Francis Child	Tory
1734		William Pulteney	Whig
1740					Sir Hugh Smithson, Bt (later Sir Hugh Percy, Bt) a	Tory
1742		Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	Tory
1747		Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	Whig			Whig
1750					George Cooke	Tory
1768		John Wilkes	Radical
1768					John Glynn	Whig
1769		Henry Luttrell	Tory
1774		John Wilkes	Radical
1779					Thomas Wood	Whig
1780					George Byng (1735-1789)	Whig
1784					William Mainwaring	Tory
1790		George Byng (1764-1847)	Whig
1802					Sir Francis Burdett, Bt	Whig
1804					William Mainwaring	Tory
1805					Sir Francis Burdett, Bt	Whig
1806					William Mainwaring	Tory
1806					William Mellish	Tory
1820					Samuel Charles Whitbread	Whig
1830					Joseph Hume	Radical
1832			Liberal			Liberal
1837					Thomas Wood	Conservative
1847		Lord Robert Grosvenor	Liberal
1847					Ralph Bernal Osborne	Liberal
1857					Robert Culling Hanbury	Liberal
1857		Hon. George Henry Charles Byng (later Viscount Enfield) b	Liberal
1867					Henry du Pré Labouchere	Liberal
1868					Lord George Francis Hamilton	Conservative
1874		Octavius Edward Coope	Conservative
1885	constituency divided

Notes:-

• ^a Smithson, not the same man as the former member of the same name, changed his surname to Percy before the 1741 general election.
• ^b Byng received the courtesy title of Viscount Enfield in 1860.

• This page incorporates information from Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page.

[edit] Elections

[edit] General Notes

In multi-member elections the bloc voting system was used. Voters could cast a vote for one or two candidates, as they chose. The leading candidates with the largest number of votes were elected.

In by-elections, to fill a single seat, the first past the post system applied.

After 1832, when registration of voters was introduced, a turnout figure is given for contested elections. In two-member elections, when the exact number of participating voters is unknown, this is calculated by dividing the number of votes by two. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes this will be an underestimate of turnout.

Where a party had more than one candidate in one or both of a pair of successive elections change is calculated for each individual candidate, otherwise change is based on the party vote.

Candidates for whom no party has been identified are classified as Non Partisan. The candidate might have been associated with a party or faction in Parliament or consider himself to belong to a particular political tradition. Political parties before the nineteenth century were not as cohesive or organised as they later became. Contemporary commentators (even the reputed leaders of parties or factions) in the eighteenth century did not necessarily agree who the party supporters were. The traditional parties, which had arisen in the late seventeenth century, became increasingly irrelevant to politics in the eighteenth century (particularly after 1760), although for some contests in some constituencies party labels were still used. It was only towards the end of the century that party labels began to acquire some meaning again, although this process was by no means complete for several more generations.

Sources: The results for elections 1660-1790 were taken from the History of Parliament Trust publications. The results are based on Stooks Smith from 1790 until the UK general election, 1832 and Craig from 1832. Where Stooks Smith gives additional information after 1832 this is indicated in a note.

[edit] Results 1660-1885

[edit] Parliament of England

General Election 5 April 1660: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Lancelot Lake	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir William Waller	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Gilbert Gerard, Bt	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir William Roberts	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir James Harington, Bt	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	John Page	Defeated	N/A	N/A

• Note (1660) vote totals unavailable

General Election 4 April 1661: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir Lancelot Lake	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Thomas Allen	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir John Robinson, Bt	Defeated	N/A	N/A

• Note (1661) vote totals unavailable

General Election 21 February 1679: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir Robert Peyton	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir William Roberts, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Note (1679): Roberts was not the same man as the 1660 candidate of the same name.

General Election 3 September 1679: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir William Roberts, Bt	720	45.37	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Robert Peyton	670	42.22	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Francis Gerard, Bt	194	12.22	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir William Smyth, Bt	3	0.19	N/A

• Note (1679): Smyth is referred to as Smith in House of Commons 1660-1690, but Smyth seems to be correct from Leigh Rayment's list of baronets.
• Expulsion from the House of Peyton [1]

By-Election 13 January 1681: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Robert Atkyns	680	55.78	+55.78
	Non Partisan	Hugh Middleton	379	31.09	+31.09
	Non Partisan	Charles Umfrevile	160	13.13	+13.13
Majority			301	24.69	N/A
	Non Partisan hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 3 March 1681: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir William Roberts, Bt	1,054	35.73	+35.73
	Non Partisan	Nicholas Raynton	874	29.63	+29.63
	Non Partisan	Hugh Middleton	607	20.58	-10.51
	Non Partisan	Sir Charles Gerard, Bt	415	14.07	+14.07

General Election 18 March 1685: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir Charles Gerard, Bt	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Roger Hawtrey	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Hugh Middleton, Bt	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Nicholas Raynton	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Thomas Johnson	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir William Smyth, Bt	Defeated	N/A	N/A

• Note (1685) vote totals unavailable. Smyth is referred to as Smith in House of Commons 1660-1690, but Smyth seems to be correct from Leigh Rayment's list of baronets.

General Election 11 January 1689: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir Charles Gerard, Bt	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Roger Hawtrey	Elected	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir Robert Peyton	Defeated	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Thomas Johnson	Defeated	N/A	N/A

• Note (1689) vote totals unavailable

General Election 1690: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir Charles Gerard, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Roger Hawtrey	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 14 November 1695: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Edward Russell	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Choice of Russell to sit for Cambridgeshire

By-Election 8 January 1696: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Sir John Bucknall	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 4 August 1698: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Warwick Lake	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 16 January 1701: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Warwick Lake	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	Hugh Smithson	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 3 December 1701: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Warwick Lake	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig	John Austen	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 30 July 1702: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Warwick Lake	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	Hugh Smithson	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 28 May 1705: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Scorie Barker	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

[edit] Parliament of Great Britain

General Election 1708: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Non Partisan	Scorie Barker	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Non Partisan	Sir John Wolstenholme, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Wolstenholme

By-Election 3 March 1709: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	John Austen	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig gain from Non Partisan		Swing	N/A

General Election 12 October 1710: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Hon. James Bertie	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	Hugh Smithson	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 1713: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Hon. James Bertie	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	Hugh Smithson	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 27 January 1715: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Hon. James Bertie	1,604	27.60	N/A
	Tory	Hugh Smithson	1,553	26.72	N/A
	Whig	Sir John Austen	1,330	22.80	N/A
	Whig	Henry Barker	1,325	22.80	N/A

General Election 30 March 1722: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Hon. James Bertie	1,800	39.43	+11.83
	Whig	Sir John Austen	967	21.18	-1.62
	Whig	Henry Barker	908	18.89	-3.91
	Tory	Sir George Cooke	662	14.50	+14.50
	Tory	William Withers	228	5.00	+5.00

General Election 6 September 1727: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Hon. James Bertie	1,410	29.21	-10.22
	Tory	Sir Francis Child	1,305	27.03	+27.03
	Whig	Henry Barker	1,074	22.25	+3.36
	Whig	Lord Paget	1,039	21.52	+21.52

General Election 25 April 1734: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Sir Francis Child	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig	William Pulteney	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Child

By-Election 15 March 1740: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Sir Hugh Smithson, Bt	382	72.21	N/A
	Whig	Henry Barker	147	27.79	N/A
Majority			235	44.42	N/A
	Tory hold		Swing	N/A

• Smithson (not the same person as the former MP of the same name) subsequently changed his surname to Percy

General Election 14 May 1741: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	William Pulteney	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	Sir Hugh Percy, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Creation of Pulteney as 1st Earl of Bath

By-Election 5 August 1742: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing	N/A

General Election 2 July 1747: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	Sir Hugh Percy, Bt	1,797	36.33	N/A
	Whig	Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	1,457	29.45	N/A
	Tory	George Cooke	899	18.17	N/A
	Tory	Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	794	16.05	N/A

• Succession of Percy as 2nd Earl of Northumberland

By-Election 8 March 1750: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	George Cooke	1,617	57.38	+39.21
	Whig	Fraser Honywood	1,201	42.62	+42.62
Majority			416	14.76	N/A
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing	N/A

General Election 2 May 1754: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	George Cooke	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig	Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 7 April 1761: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	George Cooke	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig	Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Appointment of Cooke as Joint Paymaster of the Forces

By-Election 27 November 1766: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	George Cooke	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 28 March 1768: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Radical	John Wilkes	1,297	44.33	N/A
	Tory	George Cooke	827	28.26	N/A
	Whig	Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	802	27.41	N/A

• Note (1768): Stooks Smith attributes 1,292 votes to Wilkes. Stooks Smith does not give candidates party labels in Middlesex until after this election.
• Death of Cooke

By-Election 14 December 1768: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	John Glynn	1,548	54.89	+54.89
	Tory	Sir William Beauchamp-Proctor, Bt	1,272	45.11	+17.70
Majority			276	9.79	N/A
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing	N/A

• Note (1768): Poll 6 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
• Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, declared incapable of being elected 3 February 1769

By-Election 16 February 1769: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Radical	John Wilkes	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical hold		Swing	N/A

• Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, election declared void

By-Election 16 March 1769: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Radical	John Wilkes	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical hold		Swing	N/A

• Expulsion from the House of Wilkes, election declared void 17 March 1769

By-Election 13 April 1769: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Radical	John Wilkes	1,143	79.16	N/A
	Tory	Hon. Henry Hawes Luttrell	296	20.50	N/A
	Whig	William Whitaker	5	0.35	N/A
Majority			847	58.66	N/A
	Radical hold		Swing	N/A

• Expulsion from the House of Wilkes 14 April 1769, election declared void and Luttrell seated as the MP 15 April 1769

General Election 20 October 1774: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	John Glynn	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical	John Wilkes	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Glynn

By-Election 28 October 1779: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	Thomas Wood	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 14 September 1780: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical	John Wilkes	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 22 April 1784: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	William Mainwaring	2,118	36.72	N/A
	Radical	John Wilkes	1,858	32.21	N/A
	Whig	George Byng	1,792	31.07	N/A

General Election 28 June 1790: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	William Mainwaring	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Note (1790): The George Byng who contested Middlesex elections from this year is a different person from the one who stood previously

General Election 3 June 1796: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	William Mainwaring	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

[edit] Parliament of the United Kingdom

General Election 13 July 1802: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	3,848	38.52	N/A
	Whig	Sir Francis Burdett, Bt	3,207	32.10	N/A
	Tory	William Mainwaring	2,936	29.39	N/A

• Note (1802): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
• Election of Burdett declared void 9 July 1804

By-Election 23 July 1804: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	George Boulton Mainwaring	2,828	50.04	N/A
	Whig	Sir Francis Burdett, Bt	2,823	49.96	N/A
Majority			5	0.09	N/A
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing	N/A

• Note (1804): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)
• Election of Mainwearing challenged by a petition of Burdett. Mainwaring unseated and Sir Francis Burdett, Bt seated on 5 March 1805. (Source: The Times (of London), edition of 6 March 1805)
• Election of Burdett challenged by a petition of Mainwearing. Burdett unseated and George Boulton Mainwaring seated with effect from 10 February 1806. (Source: The Times (of London), edition of 10 February 1806)

General Election 10 November 1806: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	William Mellish	3,213	47.86	-2.18
	Whig	George Byng	2,304	34.32	+34.32
	Whig	Sir Francis Burdett, Bt	1,197	17.83	-32.13

• Note (1806): Poll 15 days (Source: Stooks Smith)

General Election 18 May 1807: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Tory	William Mellish	2,706	42.78	-5.08
	Whig	George Byng	2,368	37.43	+3.11
	Tory	Sir Christopher Baynes, Bt	1,252	19.79	+19.79

General Election 12 October 1812: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	William Mellish	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 26 June 1818: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Tory	William Mellish	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 17 March 1820: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	4,004	37.55	N/A
	Whig	Samuel Charles Whitbread	3,585	33.62	N/A
	Tory	William Mellish	3,073	28.82	N/A

• Note (1820): Poll 12 days (Source: Stooks Smith)

General Election 1826: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Whig	Samuel Charles Whitbread	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 5 August 1830: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical	Joseph Hume	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 1831: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Radical	Joseph Hume	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

General Election 1832: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Joseph Hume	3,238	36.93	N/A
	Liberal	George Byng	3,033	34.59	N/A
	Conservative	Sir Charles Forbes, Bt	1,494	17.04	N/A
	Liberal	Sir J.S. Lillie	1,004	11.45	N/A
Turnout			6,939	73.96	N/A

• Note (1832): 5,132 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).

General Election 1835: Middlesex (3 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	George Byng	3,505	37.66	+3.07
	Liberal	Joseph Hume	3,096	33.26	-3.67
	Conservative	Thomas Wood	2,707	29.08	+12.04
Turnout			8.005	75.53	+1.57

• Note 1 (1835): 6,046 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).
• Note 2 (1835): The Thomas Wood who contested Middlesex elections from this year is a different person from the one who was elected in 1779

General Election 31 July 1837: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	George Byng	4,796	26.60	-11.06
	Conservative	Thomas Wood	4,582	25.41	-3.67
	Liberal	Joseph Hume	4,380	24.29	-8.97
	Conservative	Henry Pownall	4,273	23.70	+23.70
Turnout			12,817	72.25	-3.28

• Note (1837): 9,260 voted. Hume was classified as a Radical candidate. (Source: Stooks Smith).

General Election 1841: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	George Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Conservative	Thomas Wood	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Byng

By-Election 3 February 1847: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Lord Robert Grosvenor	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 4 August 1847: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Lord Robert Grosvenor	4,944	39.31	N/A
	Liberal	Ralph Bernal Osborne	4,175	33.20	N/A
	Conservative	Thomas Wood	3,458	27.49	N/A
Turnout			13,781	45.63	N/A

General Election 1852: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Lord Robert Grosvenor	5,241	37.73	-1.58
	Liberal	Ralph Bernal Osborne	4,390	31.61	-1.59
	Conservative	Marquess of Blandford	4,258	30.66	+3.17
Turnout			14,610	47.53	+1.90

General Election 29 April 1857: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Robert Culling Hanbury	5,426	39.66	+39.66
	Liberal	Lord Robert Grosvenor	5,327	38.94	+1.21
	Conservative	Viscount Chelsea	2,928	21.40	-9.26
Turnout			14,977	45.67	-1.86

• Creation of Grosvenor as 1st Baron Ebury

By-Election 3 September 1857: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Hon. George Henry Charles Byng	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 1859: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Robert Culling Hanbury	3,678	43.56	N/A
	Liberal	Hon. George Henry Charles Byng	3,618	42.85	N/A
	Conservative	J. Haig	1,147	13.59	N/A
Turnout			14,847	28.43	N/A

• Byng became known by the courtesy title of Viscount Enfield when his father became 2nd Earl of Strafford in 1860

General Election 1865: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Viscount Enfield	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Liberal	Robert Culling Hanbury	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Hanbury

By-Election 15 April 1867: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Henry du Pre Labouchere	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 21 November 1868: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Lord George Francis Hamilton	7,850	37.86	N/A
	Liberal	Viscount Enfield	6,487	31.29	N/A
	Liberal	Henry du Pre Labouchere	6,397	30.85	N/A
Turnout			25,196	41.15	N/A

General Election 14 February 1874: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Lord George Francis Hamilton	10,343	33.34	-4.52
	Conservative	Octavius Edward Coope	9,867	31.80	+31.80
	Liberal	Viscount Enfield	5,623	18.12	-13.17
	Liberal	F. Lehmann	5,192	16.74	+16.74
Turnout			25,071	61.87	+20.72

• Appointment of Hamilton as Vice-President of the Privy Council Committee on Education

By-Election 12 April 1878: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rt Hon. Lord George Francis Hamilton	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 1880: Middlesex (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rt Hon. Lord George Francis Hamilton	12,904	37.83	N/A
	Conservative	Octavius Edward Coope	12,328	36.14	N/A
	Liberal	Herbert John Gladstone	8,876	26.02	N/A
Turnout			30,717	55.52	N/A

• Appointment of Hamilton as First Lord of the Admiralty

By-Election 3 July 1885: Middlesex
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rt Hon. Lord George Francis Hamilton	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A

• Constituency divided in the 1885 redistribution

[edit] See also

• List of former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies
• Unreformed House of Commons
• List of Parliaments of England
• Duration of English, British and United Kingdom Parliaments from 1660

[edit] References

• British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (The Macmillan Press 1977)
• The House of Commons 1509-1558, by S.T. Bindoff (Secker & Warburg 1982)
• The House of Commons 1558-1603, by P.W. Hasler (HMSO 1981)
• The House of Commons 1660-1690, by Basil Duke Henning (Secker & Warburg 1983)
• The House of Commons 1715-1754, by Romney Sedgwick (HMSO 1970)
• The House of Commons 1754-1790, by Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke (HMSO 1964)
• The House of Commons 1790-1820, by R.G. Thorne (Secker & Warburg 1986)
• The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844-50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
• Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)