National League of Sweden
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The National Youth League of Sweden (Sveriges nationella ungdomsförbund, SNU) was the first youth organisation of the General Electoral Union of Sweden. It was dislodged from its mother party in 1934 due to its pro-Nazi stance. It was then reconstructed as a separate political party, the National League of Sweden. After the Second World War, the political fortunes of the group dwindled.
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[edit] As the right-wing youth league
SNU was founded on October 16, 1915 at Hotell Kronprinsen in Stockholm. The organisation was never recognised by the Swedish right as its official youth organisation. Gradually, however, it became obvious that the Youth League was the natural organisation for young supporters of the General Electoral Union.
During the 1920s SNU was politically radicalized. The radicalization was accentuated by the election of Elmo Lindholm as the SNU chairman. In 1931 the organization had 35 460 members, and was steadily growing. Eventually SNU organised a militant kamporganisation (struggle organisation, modelled after the German SA) which were supposed to combat political enemies in the streets. The kamporganisation had grey shirt, blue ties and blue armbands. The League supported the German Nazis after Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933.
The 1930s saw many harsh conflicts within the Conservative movement in Sweden on how to relate to the emerging Nazism. During 1933 the General Electoral Union arranged a number of demonstrations against both Nazism and communism.[citation needed] Arvid Lindman, the leader of the party, clearly stated that Nazis were not accepted within his party.
Another issue of contention was whether there should have been any age limit for SNU membership. The General Electoral Union pushed that 35 years should be the upper limit for SNU members as well as a formal understanding that the role of SNU was to recruit young people for the General Electoral Union. SNU however refuted the idea of an age limit, as the organization wished to exert more political influence of its own.
Due to this, Arvid Lindman declared that the National Youth League no longer was considered the youth organisation of the Swedish right in 1934. While a new right-wing youth league emerged - what later became the Moderate Youth League - the National Youth League eventually re-organised as a political party named the National Youth League and League of Sweden (Sveriges Nationella Ungdomsförbundet och Förbund, SNUoF).
[edit] As a political party
In the General Electoral Union-SNU split, three conservative MPs sided with SNUoF. These were Alf Meyerhöffer, Gösta Jacobsson and John Gustafsson. These three parliamentarians formed their own 'national parliamentary fraction'.
In 1934 the small pro-German National Labour League (Nationella Arbetsförbundet) merged into SNUoF.
The group contested the 1935 municipal elections, gaining 70 seats throughout the country. The same year the name was changed to National League of Sweden (Sveriges Nationella Förbund). Anti-semitism became a more markable feature of the party. At this time its membership was around 40 000.
The party contested the 1936 general elections. However, the result was a set-back. The party got 31 015 votes, and did not win any seat in the parliament. The following year, on October 10, 1937 the National League New Sweden of Per Engdahl merged into SNF. Engdahl was allotted the position of vice-chairman of SNF.
At its national conference in 1938 SNF officially adopted a party programme, claiming to be Corporative, New Swedish, Radical, Nationalist and Socialist.
In 1938 the Swedish Front of Bengt-Olov Ljungberg was attached to the party. Under Ljungberg's direction, the youth wing National Youth was built up in 1939.
In 1941 Engdahl broke away from SNF. Along with him left many prominent party members, like Ljungberg, and a major section of the youth wing. Engdahl and his followers formed Swedish Opposition. The same year SNF started received financial support from the German state to publish the newspaper Dagsposten from Stockholm.
[edit] Disintegration in the Post-war era
After the war SNF was severely isolated. In the 1946 municipal election it could only win 3 municipal seats in Helsingborg, but the same year the entire Helsingborg unit merged into the Right-wing Party. The main activity of SNF was the publishing of Dagsposten, which in 1952 got substituted with Fria Ord. When Christian Democratic Rally (KDS) emerged as a new political party in the 1960s, SNF tried to infiltrate it.
In 1980 SNF and the New Swedish Movement of Engdahl merged. The unity did not last, and in 1982 the two organization parted ways. SNF has suffered from internal disputes and splits, and at least three separate SNFs have been in existence. One of the current existing groups claiming the name is attached to the NSDAP/AO of Gary Lauck.
