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[edit] Summary
| Description |
DNA damage, due to environmental factors and normal metabolic processes inside the cell, occurs at a rate of 1,000 to 1,000,000 molecular lesions per cell per day. A special enzyme, DNA ligase (shown here in color), encircles the double helix to repair a broken strand of DNA. DNA ligase is responsible for repairing the millions of DNA breaks generated during the normal course of a cell's life. Without molecules that can mend such breaks, cells can malfunction, die, or become cancerous. DNA ligases catalyse the crucial step of joining breaks in duplex DNA during DNA repair, replication and recombination, and require either Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a cofactor. Shown here is DNA ligase I repairing chromosomal damage. The three visable protein structures are:
It is likely that all mammalian DNA ligases (Ligases I, III, and IV) have a similar ring-shaped architecture and are able to recognize DNA in a similar manner. (See:Nature Article 2004, PDF) |
|---|---|
| Source |
Biomedical Beat National Institute of General Medical Science (NIGMS) Cool Image Gallery |
| Date |
November 21, 2006 |
| Author |
Courtesy of Tom Ellenberger, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. |
| Permission |
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This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States Federal Government under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code. See Copyright.
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