Peroxymonosulfuric acid

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Peroxymonosulfuric acid

General
Systematic name	Peroxysulfuric acid
Other names	persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid;
Molecular formula	H₂SO₅
Molar mass	114.04 g/mol
Appearance	white solid
CAS number	7722-86-3
Properties
Density and phase	??? g/cm³, solid
Solubility in water	soluble
in methanol	soluble
Melting point	45 °C
Boiling point	decomposes
Structure
Coordination geometry	tetrahedral
Crystal structure	??
Dipole moment	? D
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	strong oxidizer
NFPA 704	0 2 2 OX
Flash point	n/a
R/S statement	??
RTECS number	??
Supplementary data page
Structure & properties	n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Peroxymonosulfuric acid, also known as persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid, or as Caro's acid, is H₂SO₅, a colorless solid melting at 45 °C. In this acid, the S(VI) center adopts its characteristic tetrahedral geometry; the connectivity is indicated by the formula HO-O-S(O)₂-OH.

H₂SO₅ is sometimes confused with H₂S₂O₈, known as peroxydisulfuric acid. The disulfuric acid, which appears to be more widely used as its alkali metal salts, has the structure HO-S(O)₂-O-O-S(O)₂-OH.

1 History
2 Synthesis and production
3 Uses in industry
4 References

[edit] History

H₂SO₅ was first described by Heinrich Caro, for whom it is named.

[edit] Synthesis and production

The laboratory scale preparation of Caro's acid involve the combination of chlorosulfonic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

H₂O₂ + ClSO₂OH ⇌ H₂SO₅ + HCl

Large scale production of Caro's acid is usually done on site, due to its instability. According to the patent by Martin, Caro's acid is produced by reacting >85% sulfuric acid and >50% hydrogen peroxide ("Piranha solution").

H₂O₂ + H₂SO₄ ⇌ H₂SO₅ + H₂O

[edit] Uses in industry

H₂SO₅ has been used for a variety of disinfectant and cleaning applications, e.g., swimming pool treatment and denture cleaning. Alkali metal salts of H₂SO₅ show promise for the delignification of wood.

Ammonium, sodium, and potassium salts of H₂SO₅ are used in the plastics industry as polymerization initiators, etchants, desizing agents, soil conditioner, and for decolorizing and deodorizing oils.

Potassium peroxymonosulfate, KHSO₅, is the potassium acid salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid. It is widely used as an oxidizing agent.

[edit] References

Martin, P. L. (USA). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2005), 21 pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2005031530 A1 20050210 Patent written in English. Application: US 2004-878176 20040628. Priority: US 2003-494009 20030807. CAN 142:179838 AN 2005:122569 CAPLUS
"Treatment of Softwood Kraft Pulps with Peroxymonosulfate Before Oxygen Delignification. Springer, E. L.; McSweeny, J. D. Tappi Journal (1993), 76, 194-9.
¹ Thomas W. Bell, Young-Moon Cho, Albert Firestone, Karin Healy, Jia Liu, Richard Ludwig, and Scott D. Rothenberger Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 8, p.87; Vol. 69, p.226 Article
² James R. McCarthy, Donald P. Matthews, and John P. Paolini Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 9, p.446; Vol. 72, p.209 Article

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org../../../p/e/r/Peroxymonosulfuric_acid.html"

Categories: Sulfates | Peroxides | Acids | Inorganic chemistry