Richard Harding Poff

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Richard Harding Poff (born October 19, 1923 in Radford, Virginia) was first elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1956, representing Virginia's Sixth District. A moderate Republican and a licensed attorney, he was later nominated to the US Supreme Court by President Richard Nixon.

Contents 1 Education 2 Military service 3 Legislative career 4 Nomination to Supreme Court of the United States 5 Legislation 6 Supreme Court of Virginia 7 References 8 External Sources

[edit] Education

[edit] Military service

During the Second World War, served as a bomber pilot with the Eighth Air Force in England; flew thirty-five successful missions over Europe; awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross; was inactivated from the service as a first lieutenant serving from February 1943 to August 1945.

[edit] Legislative career

Poff who was first elected to Congress in 1952 had his share of controversy during his decades in the House of Representatives. He was one of only two Republicans, along with Virginia's entire Congressional delegation, and nearly all members from Southern states, to sign the Southern Manifesto protesting the Supreme Court's mandate in Brown v. Board of Education to desegregate public schools. A former Governor of Virginia (1970-1974), and the commonwealth's first post-Reconstruction Republican Governor, suggests that Poff probably could not have been reelected unless he signed the manifesto.^[1]Despite that controversial decision, he was well liked by most, including many African Americans, who in an ABC News report on his nomination to the US Supreme Court described him as having a great interest in individuals; only one person in that report described him as a racist despite his having signed the Southern Manifesto. Consistent with his signing of the Manifesto, he also opposed all civil rights measures in the 1960s; however, it is worth noting that in the 1970s he favored desegregation aid and voted for the Equal Employment Opportunity Act in 1971. He also voted to eliminate ethnic quotas in immigration in 1965, which stood contrary to the views of the rest of the Virginia delegation with the exception of fellow Republican Joel T. Broyhill. He was the only member of the House Republican leadership who did not support President Eisenhower's proposal to increase the minimum wage, and widen its coverage.^[2]

[edit] Nomination to Supreme Court of the United States

After President Richard Nixon had nominated him for the US Supreme Court, Poff withdrew before his confirmation reached the Senate. John Dean wrote that Poff actually made that decision based on concerns that he would thus be forced to reveal to his then-12-year-old son Thomas that he had been adopted. Poff's concern was that the child would be negatively affected by that kind of information if revealed before he was old enough to understand.^[3] But Dean characterized it differently in a radio interview. ^[4] Nevertheless, according to the New York Times, within weeks after he withdrew from consideration that sensitive personal information was revealed in Jack Anderson's column, and he was forced to inform the child of his adoption anyway. ^[5] By then, however, it was too late for reconsideration, and eventually Lewis Powell was confirmed to the Supreme Court in Poff's place.

[edit] Legislation

Poff is also well known as one of the men who, as a member of the House Judiciary Committee, sponsored the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, better known as RICO. Poff had an interesting take on RICO, which has since been ignored by the Supreme Court. Poff stated in the Congressional Record that the Act should be used only against organizations, and not individuals. Poff also stated in the Congressional Record that no one should be detained or imprisoned absent an act of Congress allowing this action, which by necessity suggests that he would disagree with the way the George W. Bush administration has handled the "War On Terror". For those reasons among others, one can only imagine how the Supreme Court would have ruled differently on any number of matters had Poff not been forced to withdraw from consideration for personal reasons.

[edit] Supreme Court of Virginia

Richard H. Poff went on to become Justice and then a Senior Justice of the Virginia Supreme Court, where he served until his retirement.

[edit] References

1. ^ Holton, Linwood (1999-07-16). Gov. Holton's Keynote Address. Virginia Governors Project. Center for Politics at the University of Virginia. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. “He likely would have been defeated if he had not signed that document, but I expect he has regretted that signature through the years.”
2. ^ Conley, Richard S.; Richard M. Yon. [http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/rconley/Eisenhower/Eisenhower1.pdf “Legislative Liaison, White House Roll-Call Predictions, and Divided Government: The Eisenhower Experience, 83rd-84th Congresses”] (PDF). University of Florida Department of Political Science. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. “...[When] the President called for an increase in the minimum wage ... all members of the GOP leadership save Poff of Virginia came on board.”
3. ^ Dean, John [2001] (2002). The Rehnquist Choice: The Untold Story of the Nixon Appointment That Redefined the Supreme Court. New York: Touchstone, 119. ISBN 0-7432-2607-0. 
4. ^ Ellis, Kate. Interview with John Dean. The President Calling. American RadioWorks. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. “Poff ... didn't really want to put himself or his family through the controversy of being nominated and then beat up through the senate confirmation process.”
5. ^ ROSEN, JEFFREY (2001-11-04). Renchburg's the One!. Book Review. New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. “...Representative Richard Poff, a moderate conservative from Virginia...”

[edit] External Sources

Official Congressional Biography

Congressman Poff Speaks to Students During Independence Day Observance (jpg). Grapurchat Vol XXXIII Nbr 18 1. Radford College, Woman's Division of V.P.I. (1954-07-09). Retrieved on 2007-01-08.

Preceded by Clarence G. Burton

Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 6th congressional district January 3, 1953–August 29, 1972

Succeeded by M. Caldwell Butler