Ruthenian Voivodeship
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| Capital city | Lwów | ||||
| Area | 55,200 km² | ||||
| Population (1770) - Density |
1 495 000 24,4/km² |
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| Powiats - Urban counties - Land counties |
13 5 |
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| Communes | 200 | ||||
Ruthenia Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus russiae, Polish: województwo ruskie; 1366-1772) was an administrative division of the Kingdom of Poland (see Kingdom of Poland [1320–1385], Kingdom of Poland [1385–1569], and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1569–1791). Together with Bełz Voivodeship, it formed Lesser Poland Province with its capitol city in Kraków. Part of Lesser Poland region. This region was later largely part of the Austrian province of Galicia and today is divided among Poland, Ukraine and Belarus.
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[edit] History
Settled in prehistoric times, the central-eastern European land that is now (sountern-eastern part in Poland, western in Ukraine) was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths and Vandals (Przeworsk culture). After the fall of the Roman Empire, of which most of eastern Poland was part (all parts below the San and Dniester), the area was invaded by Hungarians, Slavs and Avars.
The region subsequently became part of the Great Moravian state. Upon the invasion of the Hungarian tribes into the heart of the Great Moravian Empire around 899, the Lendians of the area declared their allegiance to Hungarian Empire. The region then became a site of contention between Poland, Kievan Rus and Hungary starting in at least the 9th century.
Originally it was related to a certain territory between Western Bug and Wieprz rivers. Its Polish name was Ziemia czerwieńska, or "Czerwień Land" by the name of Cherven, a town that existed there. (Today there are several towns with this name, none of them related to Red Ruthenia).
This area was mentioned for the first time in 981, when Volodymyr the Great of Kievan Rus took the area over on the way inside Poland. In 1018 it returned to Poland, 1031 back to Rus. For approximately 150 years it existed as the independent Ruthenian principality or kingdom of Halych-Volhynia, before being conquered by Casimir III of Poland in 1349. Since these times the name Ruś Czerwona is recorded, translated as "Red Ruthenia" ("Czerwień" means red color in Slavic languages or from Polish village Czermno ), applied to a territory extended up to Dniester River, with priority gradually transferred to Przemyśl. Since the times of Władyslaw Jagiełło, the Przemyśl voivodeship was called Ruthenian Voivodship ("województwo ruskie"), with the priority eventually transferred to Lwów. It consisted of five lands: Lwów, Sanok, Halicz, Przemyśl, and Chełm. This territory was controlled by Austria for almost 120 years. At that time the area was known as Galicia since 1772 to 1918.
[edit] Municipal government
Seat of the Voivodeship Governor (Wojewoda):
Regional Sejmik (sejmik generalny) for all Ruthene lands
Seats of Regional Sejmik (sejmik poselski i deputacki):
[edit] Administrative division:
- Chełm Land (Ziemia Chełmska), Chełm
- Chełm County, (Powiat Chełmski), Chełm
- Krasnystaw County, (Powiat Krasnystawski), Krasnystaw
- Ratno County, (Powiat Ratneński), Ratno
- Halicz Land (Ziemia Halicka), Halicz
- Lwów Land (Ziemia Lwowska), Lwów
- Przemyśl Land (Ziemia Przemyska), Przemyśl
- Przemyśl County (Powiat Przemyski), Przemyśl
- Sambor County, (Powiat Samborski), Sambor
- Drohobycz County, (Powiat Drohobycki), Drohobycz
- Stryj County, (Powiat Stryjski), Stryj
- Sanok Land (Ziemia Sanocka), Sanok
- Sanok County (Powiat Sanocki), Sanok
[edit] Voivods
- Stanisław Chodecki de Chotcza, (from 1466 – 1474)
- Jakub Buczacki - from 1501
- Stanisław Kmita de Wiśnicz, (from 1500 -)
- Jan Odrowąż, (from 1510 -)
- Jan Tarnowski (from April 2, 1527)
- Stanisław Odrowąż (from 1542)
- Piotr Firlej (1545-53)
- Hieronim Jarosz Sieniawski (from 1576)
- Jan Daniłowicz de Olesko, (from 1605)
- Stanisław Lubomirski, (1628-38)
- Jakub Sobieski (from June 1641)
- Jeremi Michał Wiśniowiecki (from April 1646 to 1651)
- Stefan Czarniecki (from 1651)
- Stanislaw Jan Jabłonowski (from 1664)
- Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski, (1697 – 1731)
- August Aleksander Czartoryski (from 1731)
- Stanislaw Szczesny Potocki (from 1782)
[edit] Neighboring Voivodeships and regions:
- Kraków Voivodeship
- Sandomierz Voivodeship
- Brzesc Litewski Voivodeship
- Wolhynian Voivodeship
- Bełz Voivodeship
- Podole Voivodeship
- Zemplín
- Uzh county
- Máramaros
