Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo
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SpaceShipTwo is a suborbital spaceplane currently under development by The Spaceship Company, a joint venture between Scaled Composites and Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Group, as part of the Tier 1b program. The Virgin Galactic spaceliner plans to operate a fleet of five of these craft in passenger-carrying private spaceflight service starting in late 2009.[1][2]
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[edit] Specifications
The first spacecraft to be completed will be named VSS (Virgin Space Ship) Enterprise in honor of the fictional Starship Enterprise.
The SpaceShipTwo craft is, in part, based on technology developed for SpaceShipOne as part of the Scaled Composites Tier One program, funded by Paul Allen. The Spaceship Company is licensing this technology from Paul Allen's Mojave Aerospace Ventures.
According to an interview with designer Burt Rutan, the new craft will fly higher and have a longer downrange than SpaceShipOne, somewhere between 100 to 200 miles (160 to 320 kilometers). The maximum capacity will be eight people: six paying passengers and two pilots.
The BBC reports that SpaceShipTwo's crew cabin will have about the same diameter as a Gulfstream V business jet, which is roughly 6 feet high by 7 feet wide (1.8 by 2.1 meters). Rutan is designing towards a maximum altitude of between 84 and 87 miles (135 to 140 km). The design of these craft was completed in late 2005, and the vehicle simulator was complete and construction had started by March 2006.[3]
Both SpaceShipTwo and its new carrier aircraft, Eve (or White Knight Two), will be roughly three times the size of the first generation spacecraft and mothership that won the Ansari X Prize. While details remain scant, designer Burt Rutan says that SpaceShipTwo will have large porthole windows[4] for the passengers' viewing pleasure, and all seats will recline back during landing to help decrease the discomfort of G-forces.[5] Reportedly, the craft can land safely even if "catastrophic damage" occurs during the flight.[6]
[edit] Commercial introduction
The vehicle itself will not be unveiled to the public until just before flight testing starts, in late 2007.
Following a series of 50-100 test flights, the first paying customers are expected to fly aboard the craft in late 2009.[4]
In August 2005, the president of space tourism company Virgin Galactic stated that if the upcoming suborbital service with SpaceShipTwo is successful, the follow-up SpaceShipThree will be an orbital craft.[7]
On 28 September 2006, Sir Richard Branson unveiled a mock-up of the SpaceShipTwo at the NextFest exposition, held in the Javits Convention Center in New York.[8]
[edit] Spacecraft
Five vehicles have been ordered by Virgin Galactic. As of September 2006, only one has been named, the Virgin Space Ship Enterprise, and is in development.
- VSS Enterprise (currently in development, named 28 September 2006)[9]
- VSS Voyager (rumour,[attribution needed] scheduled to be named in 2008)
- Not Named
- Not Named
- Not Named
[edit] Flight
More than 65,000 would-be space tourists have applied for the first batch of 100 tickets to be available. The price will initially be US$200,000.[10] The duration of the flight will be approximately 2.5 hours, and weekly launches are planned.
[edit] Launch site
According to a December 2005 interview[citation needed] with Virgin Galactic founder Sir Richard Branson, the SpaceShipTwo craft will initially take off from the Mojave Spaceport in California. Spaceport America (formerly Southwest Regional Spaceport), a $200 million spaceport in New Mexico partly funded by the state government, will become the permanent launch site starting in 2009.
The company has also shown interest in building spaceports in other parts of the world, including Sweden, Saudi Arabia, and Scotland.[11] However, the likelihood of these other launching points depends on the success of the initial spaceports in Mojave and New Mexico.
[edit] References
- ^ Leonard David. Virgin Galactic Spaceliner Steps Forward. Space News. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Jeff Hecht (29 July 2005). Space tourism company to fly in 2008. New Scientist. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Michael Belfiore (March 31, 2006). Virgin Galactic and Orion Propulsion updates. michaelbelfiore.com. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ a b jnhtx (87543) (July 30 2006). Notes on Rutan presentations at EAA Oshkosh. Slashdot. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Tariq Malik (28 September 2006). Virgin Galactic Unveils SpaceShipTwo Interior Concept. Space News. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Peter de Selding. Virgin Galactic Customers Parting with Their Cash. Space News. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ SpaceShipThree poised to follow if SS2 succeeds. Flight International (23 August 2005). Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Sophie Morrison (30 September 2006). Buckled up for white knuckle ride. BBC News. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Scale comparison chart of Spaceshipone and Spaceshiptwo. Gizmodo. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ Rich Chinese buying tickets to space. Zee News. Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
- ^ MPs urged to back space tourism. BBC News (21 February 2007). Retrieved on April 6, 2007.
[edit] External links
- Scaled Composites
- Formation of The Spaceship Company
- SpaceShipTwo information on Spacedaily.com
- Virgin soars towards new frontier (BBC News)
- Space or Bust: Feature article on space tourism (Cosmos Magazine)
- What is Virgin Galactic?
- Space Law Probe: Space Law in Paris - 20 March 2006: Brief notes on address by Wil Whitehorn, president of Virgin Galactic
- Human spaceflight goes commercial - BBC News, 21 March 2006
- Videoblog entry from Wired NEXTFEST of SpaceShipTwo Mockup - People With Ideas, 30 September 2006
- CNET Images of SS2 mockups - CNET News, 5 October 2006
- Unofficial Site of Future VSS Voyager
[edit] Related content
| Designation sequence: | SpaceShipOne | → | SpaceShipTwo | → | SpaceShipThree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Related development: | White Knight One | → | White Knight Two | → | White Knight Three |
| Development program: | Tier One | → | Tier 1b | → | Tier Two |
| Comparable aircraft: | North American X-15 & NASA X-38 & Space Shuttle | ||||
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Categories: Future spaceflights | Wikipedia articles needing factual verification | Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Scaled Composites | Manned spacecraft | Future products | Spaceplanes | U.S. airliners 2000-2009 | Space tourism | Tier 1b | Proposed spacecraft | Space access
