Sclerochronology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sclerochronology is the study of physical and chemical variations in the accretionary hard tissues of organisms, and the temporal context in which they formed. The term comes from the three Greek words scleros – hard, chronos – time and logos – science, and refers to the science of ordering events in time. Sclerochonology focuses primarily upon growth patterns reflecting annual, monthly, fortnightly, tidal, daily, and sub-daily (ultradian) increments of time. The regular time increments are controlled by biological clocks which - in turn - are entrained by environmental and astronomical pacemakers.

Familiar examples include annual bandings in reef coral skeletons or daily growth increments in mollusk shells and fish otoliths. Sclerochronology is analogous to dendrochronology, the study of annual rings in trees, and equally seeks to deduce organismal life history traits as well as to reconstruct records of environmental and climatic change through space and time.

[edit] Further reading

• Arthur, M.A., Williams, DF and Jones, DS, 1983. Seasonal temperature-salinity changes and thermocline development in the mid-Atlantic Bight as recorded by the isotopic composition of bivalves. Geology 11: 655–659.
• Bemis, B.E. and Geary, DH, 1996. The usefulness of stable isotope profiles as environmental indicators: data from Eastern Pacific Ocean and the Southern Caribbean Sea. Palaios 11: 328–339.
• Buddemeier, RW, 1975. Sclerochronology: a data source for reef systems models. Pac. Sci. Congr. Rec. Proc. 13: 124.
• Clark, G.R. II, 1975. Periodic growth and biological rhythms in experimentally grown bivalves. In: Rosenberg, GD and Runcorn, SK, eds., Growth Rhythms and the History of the Earth’s Rotation. Wiley, London, pp. 103–117.
• Craig, G.Y. and Hallam, A., 1963. Size-frequency and growth-ring analyses of Mytilus edulis and Cardium edule, and their palaeoecological significance. Palaeont. 6: 731–750.
• Davenport, C.B., 1938. Growth lines in fossil pectens as indicators of past climates. J. Paleont. 12: 514–515.
• Dettman, D.L and Lohmann, KC, 1995. Microsampling carbonates for stable isotope and minor element analysis: physical separation of samples on a 20 micrometer scale. J. Sed. Res. A65: 566–569.
• Dodge, R.E. and Vaisnys, J.R., 1975. Hermatypic coral growth banding as environmental recorder. Nature 258: 706–708.
• Dufour, E., Patterson, W.P., Höök, T.O., and Rutherford, E.S. 2005. Early life history of Lake Michigan alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) inferred from intra-otolith stable isotope ratios. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 62, p. 2362-2370.
• Dufour, E., Holmden, C., Van Neer, W., Zazzo, A.†, Patterson, W.P., Degryse, P., and Keppens, E. 2006. Oxygen and strontium isotopes as provenance indicators of fish at archaeological sites: a case study from Sagalassos, SW Turkey. Journal of Archaeological Science (in press).
• Dunbar, R.B. and Cole, J.E., 1993. Coral records of ocean-atmosphere variability. NOAA CGC Prog. Spec. Rep. 10: 1–38.
• Epstein, S, Buchsbaum, H, Lowenstam, H and Urey, C, 1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 64: 1315–1326.
• Evans, J.W., 1972. Tidal growth increments in the cockle Clinocardium nuttalli. Science 176: 416–417.
• Fiebig, J, Schöne, BR & Oschmann, W, 2005. High precision oxygen and carbon isotope analysis of very small (10-30µg) amounts of carbonates using CF-IRMS. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 19: 2355–2358.
• Gagan, M.K., Chivas, AR and Isdale, P. 1994. High-resolution isotopic records from corals using ocean temperature and mass-spawning chronometers. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 121: 549–558.
• Goodwin, D.H., Flessa, KW, Schöne, BR and Dettman, DL, 2001. Cross–calibration of daily growth increments, stable isotope variation, and temperature in the Gulf of California bivalve mollusk Chione cortezi: implications for paleoenvironmental analysis. Palaios 16: 387-398.
• Grossman, E.L. and Ku, T-L, 1986. Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation in biogenic aragonite; temperature effects. Chem. Geol., Isotope Geosci. Sect. 59: 59–74.
• Heiss, G.A. et al. (1993): A 200 year sclerochronological record from the Red Rea: growth rates, stable isotopes and environmental stress. Abstr. Prog. Geol. Soc. Am. 25: 161.
• Hudson, JH, Shinn, EA Halley, RB and Lidz, B, 1976. Sclerochronology: a tool for interpreting past environments. Geology 4: 361–364.
• Ivany, L.C., Patterson, W.P., and Lohmann, K.C. 2000. Cooler winters as a possible cause of mass extinctions at the Eocene/Oligocene. Nature, v. 407, p. 887-890.
• Ivany, L.C. , Lohmann, K.C., and Patterson, W.P. 2003. Eocene through Oligocene temperature history of the US Gulf Coastal plain inferred from δ18O of fossil otoliths for From Greenhouse to Icehouse: the Marine Eocene-Oligocene Transition, Geological Society of America Special Paper, Prothero, D., Ivany, L., and Nesbitt, E., eds., Columbia University Press, 376p.
• Joukadar, Z., Patterson, W.P., Todd, T.N., Smith, G.R. 2002. Oxygen isotopic studies of the life history of Coregonus artedii in the St. Mary’s River, Laurentian Great Lakes, pp. 453-461, in T.N. Todd and G. Fleischer (eds.) Biology and Management of Coregonid Fishes—1999. Arch. Hydrobiol., Spec. Issues Advances Limnol. Vol. 57.
• Jones, D.S. and Quitmyer, IR, 1996. Marking time with bivalve shells: oxygen isotopes and season of annual increment formation. Palaios 11: 340–346.
• Jones, D.S., 1978. Age and growth rate determinations for the Atlantic Surf Clam Spisula solidissima (Bivalvia: Mactracea), based in internal growth lines in shell cross-sections. Mar. Biol. 47: 63–70.
• Jones, D.S., 1980. Annual cycle of shell growth increment formation in two continental shelf bivalves and its paleoecologic significance. Paleobiol. 6: 331–340.
• Jones, D.S., 1983. Sclerochronology: reading the record of the molluscan shell. Am. Sci. 71, 384–391.
• Jones, D.S., 1985. Growth increments and geochemical variations in the molluscan shell. SEPM Short Course, Studies in Geol. 13: 72–87.
• Jones, DS, Arthur, MA and Allard, DJ, 1989. Sclerochronological record of temperature and growth from shells of Mercenaria mercenaria from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Mar. Biol. 102: 225–234.
• Jones, PD, Osborn, TJ and Briffa, KR, 2001: The evolution of climate over the last millennium. Science 292: 662–667.
• Key, M.M., Jr., P.N. Wyse Jackson, E. Håkansson, W.P. Patterson, and M.D. Moore. 2005. Gigantism in Permian trepostomes from Greenland: testing the algal symbiosis hypothesis using δ13C and δ18O values, in H. Moyano, J. Cancino, and P. N. Wyse Jackson (eds.). Bryozoan Studies 2004. Balkema Publishers; Lisse, The Netherlands, p. 141-151.
• Koike, H, 1980. Seasonal dating by growth-line counting of the clam, Meretrix lusoria. Univ. Mus. Univ. of Tokyo Bull. 18: 1–120.
• Marchitto, T.A., Jones, GA, Goodfriend, GA and Weidman, CR, 2000. Precise temporal correlation of Holocene mollusk shells using sclerchronology. Quat. Res. 53: 236–246.
• Nonogaki, H., Nelson, J., and Patterson, W.P. 2007. Dietary histories of herbivorous Loricariid catfishes: evidence from δ13C values of otoliths. Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 78, no. 1, p. 13-21. DOI 10.1007/s10641-006-9074-8.
• Olson, C., Limbrug, K., Patterson, W.P., Elfman, M., Kristiansson, P., and Ehrenberg, S. 2002. Reconstruction of Fisheries and Marine Environment - Preliminary Studies of Hard Parts of Codfish (Gadus morhua) from Ajvide, Gotland, Sweden. In Burenhult, G. (ed.) Remote Sensing. Applied techniques for the study of cultural resources and the localization, identification and documentation of sub-surface prehistoric remains in Swedish archaeology. 1984/1997/2002. Volume II: Archaeological investigations, remote sensing case studies and osteo-anthropological studies. Thesis and Papers in North-European Archaeology ch. 13, p. 375-385. Department of Archaeology, Stockholm University, 428p.
• Pannella, G and MacClintock, C. 1968. Biological and environmental rhythms reflected in molluscan shell growth. Paleont. Soc. Mem. 42: 64–80.
• Patterson, W.P., Smith, G.R., and Lohmann, K.C. 1993. Continental paleothermometry and seasonality using the isotopic composition of aragonitic otoliths of freshwater fishes, in P. Swart, K.C Lohmann, J. McKenzie and S. Savin (eds.) Amer. Geophys. Union Monogr. Continental Climate Change from Isotopic Indicators, p. 191-202.
• Patterson, W.P. 1998. North American continental seasonality during the last millennium: high-resolution analysis of sagittal otoliths. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 138, no. 1-4, p. 271-303.
• Patterson, W.P. 1999. Oldest isotopically characterized fish otoliths provide insight to Jurassic continental climate of Europe. Geology, v. 27, no. 3, p. 199-202.
• Patterson, W.P. 2000. Diachronic changes in growth rate of North Sea fish species in relation to anthropogenic activities: high resolution stable isotope analyses of otoliths. European Union (EU FAIR Programme Report), Project CT97-3462.
• Patterson, W.P. and Smith, G.R. 2002. Uses of fishes in analysis of paleolimnology in Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Zoological Indicators. Smol, J.P., Birks, H.J.B., and Last, W.M., (editors) Paleolimnology, Special vol. 4, ch. 9, p. 173-187.
• Patterson, W.P. and Smith, G.R. 2005. Uses of fishes in analysis of paleolimnology in Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Zoological Indicators. Smol, J.P., Birks, H.J.B., and Last, W.M., (editors) Paleolimnology, Special vol. 4, ch. 9, 2nd Ed., p. 173-187.
• Pätzold, J, 1984. Growth rhythms recorded in stable isotopes and density bands in the reef coral Porites lobata (Cebu, Philippines). Coral Reefs 3: 87–90.
• Pittendrigh, C.S., 1979. Some functional aspects of circadian pacemakers. In: Suda, M. et al. (eds.): Biological Rhythms and their Central Mechanism.– Elsevier, Netherlands, pp. 3–12.
• Rhoads, D.C. and Lutz, R.A., 1980, eds. Skeletal growth of aquatic organisms. Biological records of environmental change. Topics Geobiol. 1: 1–750.
• Schaner, T., O’Gorman, R., Lantry, B.F., and Patterson, W.P. 2004. Application of stable isotope method to determine origin of Lake Trout; and description of thermal history of Lake Trout during first year of life. Great Lakes Fishery Commission Project Completion Report, 6p.
• Schöne, B.R., Oschmann, W, Kröncke, I, Dreyer, W, Janssen, R, Rumohr, H, Houk, SD, Freyre Castro, AD, Dunca, E and Rössler, J, 2003. North Atlantic Oscillation Dynamics recorded in shells of a long-lived bivalve mollusk. Geology 31: 1237–1240.
• Schöne, B.R., Dunca, E, Mutvei, H & Norlund, U, 2004. A 217-year record of summer air temperature reconstructed from freshwater pearl mussels (M. margarifitera, Sweden). Quaternary Science Reviews 23: 1803–1816 + 2057.
• Schöne, B.R., Pfeiffer, M, Pohlmann, T & Siegismund, F, 2005. A seasonally resolved bottom water temperature record for the period of AD 1866-2002 based on shells of Arctica islandica (Mollusca, North Sea). International Journal of Climatology 25: 947–962.
• Schöne, B.R. & Surge, D, 2005 (Eds). Looking back over Skeletal Diaries – High-resolution Environmental Reconstructions from Accretionary Hard Parts of Aquatic Organisms. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 228: 1-191.
• Schöne, B.R. & Giere, O, 2005. Growth pattern and shell isotope ratios of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent bivalve mollusk Bathymodiolus brevior from the North Fiji Basin, Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Research I 52: 1896-1910.
• Schöne, B.R., Rodland, DL, Fiebig, J, Oschmann, W, Goodwin, DH, Flessa, KW & Dettman, DL, 2006. Reliability of multi-taxon, multi-proxy reconstructions of environmental conditions from accretionary biogenic skeletons. Journal of Geology 114: 267-285.
• Schöne, B.R., Rodland, DL, Wehrmann A, Heidel, B, Oschmann, W, Zhang, Z, Fiebig, J, Beck, L, 2006. Combined sclerochronologic and oxygen isotope analysis of gastropod shells (Gibbula cineraria, North Sea): life-history traits and utility as a high-resolution environmental archive for kelp forests. Mar. Biol., DOI 10.1007/s00227-006-0435-9.
• Smith, A. M., C. S. Nelson, M. M. Key, Jr., and W.P. Patterson. 2004. Stable isotope values in modern bryozoan carbonate from New Zealand and implications for paleoenvironmental interpretation. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, v. 47, p. 809-821.
• Smith, G.R., and Patterson, W.P. 1994. Mio-Pliocene seasonality on the Snake River Plain: Comparison of faunal and oxygen isotopic evidence, in Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, Special Publication, Geochemistry of Vertebrates: Evidence for Diet and Climate, v. 107, p. 291-302.
• Swart, PK, Dodge, RE and Hudson, JH, 1996. A 240–year stable oxygen and carbon isotopic record in a coral from south Florida: implications for the prediction of precipitation in southern Florida. Palaios 11: 362–375.
• Tanaka, N, 1986. Contribution of metabolic carbon to mollusc and barnacle shell carbonate. Nature 320: 520–523.
• Thompson, I, Jones, DS and Ropes, JW, 1980. Annual internal growth banding and life history of the Ocean Quahog Arctica islandica (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Mar. Biol. 57: 25–34.
• Trutschler, K and Samtleben, C, 1988. Shell growth of Astarte elliptica (Bivalvia) from Kiel Bay (Western Baltic Sea). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 42: 155–162.
• Wefer, G and Berger, WH, 1991. Isotope paleontology: growth and composition of extant calcareous species. Mar. Geol. 100: 207 –248.
• Wefer, G and Killingley, JS, 1980. Growth histories of strombid snails from Bermuda recorded in their δ18O and δ 13C profiles. Mar. Biol. 60: 129–135.
• Williams, DF, Arthur, MA, Jones, DS and Healy-Williams, N, 1982. Seasonality and mean annual sea surface temperatures from isotopic and sclerochronological records. Nature 296: 432–434.
• Witbaard, R, 1996. Growth variations in Arctica islandica L. (Mollusca): a reflection of hydrography-related food supply. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea J. Mar. Sci. 53: 981–987.
• Witbaard, R, Jenness, MI, van der Borg, K and Ganssen, G, 1994. Verification of annual growth increments in Arctica islandica L. from the North Sea by means of oxygen and carbon isotopes. Neth. J. Sea Res. 33: 91–101.
• Wurster, C.M., Patterson, W.P., and Cheatham, M.M. 1999. Advances in micromilling techniques: a new apparatus for acquiring high-resolution oxygen and carbon stable isotope values and major/minor elemental ratios from accretionary carbonate. Computers in Geosciences, v. 25, issue 10, p. 1155-1162.
• Wurster, C.M. and Patterson, W.P. 2001. Late Holocene climate change for the eastern interior United States climate: evidence from high-resolution sagittal otolith stable isotope ratios of oxygen. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 170, no. 1-2, p. 81-100.
• Wurster, C.M. and Patterson, W.P. 2001. Stable oxygen and carbon isotope values recovered from lacustrine freshwater mollusks: paleoclimatic implications for sub-weekly temperature records. Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 26, p. 205-218.
• Wurster, C.M., and Patterson, W.P. 2003. Secular variation in metabolism of freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens): evidence from stable carbon isotope values. Paleobiology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 492-505.
• Wurster, C.M., Patterson, W.P., Stewart, D.J., Stewart, T.J., and Bowlby, J.N. 2005. Thermal histories, stress, and metabolic rates of chinook salmon in Lake Ontario: evidence from intra-otolith δ18O and δ13C values and energetics modeling. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 62, p. 700–713.
• Zazzo, A., Balasse, M., and Patterson, W.P. 2005. High-resolution δ13C intra-tooth profiles in bovine enamel: Implications for mineralization pattern and isotopic attenuation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, no. 14, p. 3631-3642.
• Zazzo, A., Balasse, M., and Patterson, W.P. 2006. The reconstruction of mammal individual history: refining high-resolution isotope record in bovine tooth dentine. Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 33, p. 1177-1187.
• Zazzo, A., Smith, G.R., Patterson, W.P., and Dufour, E.† 2006. Life history reconstruction of modern and fossil sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) by oxygen isotopic analysis of otoliths, vertebrae, and teeth: Implication for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 249, issue 3-4, p. 200-215.
• Zolotarev, V.N., 1980. The life span of bivalves from the Sea of Japan and Sea of Okhotsk. Soviet J. Mar. Biol. 6: 301–308.