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The Simonstown Agreement was a naval cooperation agreement between the United Kingdom and South Africa signed June 30, 1955. Under the agreement, the Royal Navy gave up its naval base at Simonstown, South Africa, and transferred command of the South African Navy to the government of South Africa. In return, South Africa promised the use of the Simonstown base to Royal Navy ships. The agreement also permitted South Africa to buy naval vessels from the UK valued at Ł18 million over the next eight years. In effect, the agreement was a mutual defense arrangement aimed at protecting sea routes between the UK and the Middle East. The agreement was controversial because of South Africa's policy of racial separation known as apartheid. The government of the UK terminated the agreement on June 16, 1975, but ships of the Royal Navy continued to call at Simonstown and other South African ports. Because South Africa was a member of the British Commonwealth at the time the agreement was signed, the UK and South Africa took the position that the agreement was not an international treaty requiring registration with the United Nations under Article 102 of the United Nations Charter.
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