Site diversity
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Site diversity is a technique to limit the effect of rain fade in satellite communications, mainly in the Ka band. The downlink transmissions of satellites cover very large areas, that will have different weather. The site diversity technique consists of linking two or more ground stations receiving the same signal: this way, if the signal is heavily attenuated in one area, another ground stations can compensate it. These intense rain areas often have a horizontal length of no more than a few kilometres: putting the ground stations at a sufficient distance the possibility of rain fade in the downlink signal will be reduced.
The configuration works when the attenuation is not as great as the two stations simultaneously as it is at one of them, and this is usually a valid assumption.
Site diversity systems have not generally been found to be cost effective.
