Sodium thioantimoniate
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| Sodium thioantimoniate | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Systematic name | Sodium thioantimoniate |
| Molecular formula | Na3(SbS4)9H2O |
| Appearance | Yellow Crystals |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 1.806 g/cm³, solid |
| Melting point | 87°C (360.15 K) |
| Boiling point | 234°C (507.15 K) |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Sodium chloride Sodium sulfate. |
| Related compounds | Sulfur Antimony |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Sodium thioantimoniate, also known as Schlippe's salt, has a chemical formula of Na3(SbS4)9H2O and is named after K. F. Schlippe (1799-1867). Sodium thioantimoniate is used to make quinsulfide antimony and to clean the solution during zinc electrolytic deposition. It is prepared by dissolving the calculated quantities of antimony trisulfide, sulfur and sodium hydroxide in water, or by fusing sodium sulfate (16 parts), antimony sulfide (13 parts) and charcoal (4-5 parts), dissolving the melt in water and boiling the solution with 4 parts of sulfur. The liquid is then filtered and evaporated. The salt crystallizes in large tetrahedra, which are easily soluble in water, and have a specific gravity of 1.806. The anhydrous salt melts easily on heating, and in the hydrated condition, on exposure to moist air becomes coated with a red film.
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Contents |
[edit] Creation
[edit] The Technical Method
The technical way to create the Schlippes salt is by fusing antimony trisulphide, sodium sulphide and sulphur.
3 Na2S + 2 S + Sb2S3 + 9 H2O -> 2 Na3SbS4 • 9 H2O
[edit] The Laboratory Method
Antimonychloride is solved in concentrated hydrochloric acid. If there is a fallout, use more concentrated hydrochloric acid, because that led to the formation of chlorine complexes [SbCl6]3-. Now there must be herald in hydrogen sulphide.
2 SbCl3 + 3 H2S Sb2S3 + 6 HCl
After heralding hydrogen sulphide in the solution, the antimony sulphide is now filtered from the liquid. To the filtered antimony sulphide give sodium hydroxide and sulphur and heat up the mixture short.
Sb2S3 + 8 NaOH + 6 S 2 Na3SbS4 + Na2SO4 + 4 H2O
Let the mixture cool down. Yellow crystals will grow, these crystals where washed with ethanol.
[edit] Features
- yellow crystals
- density 1,806 g/cm³
- melting point 87°C
- boiling point 234°C decomposing in antimony poly sulphides
- easy soluble in water
- on exposure to air it becomes coated with a red film decomposing of the Schlippes Salt in antimony sulphide
[edit] Usage
The Schlippes Salt is used to create the antimony(V)sulphide, as an amplifier in the photography and in addition in the electronic.
[edit] Structure
-tetrahedra structure of the quinsulfide antimonate ion
[edit] Other Antimony Sulfate Compounds
Antimony(III)sulphide Sb2S3
The antimony(III)sulphide falls out from acid solution by heralding hydrogen sulphide. It has an orange red color. By heating up it develops the black modification with a metallic shine and pillar crystals.
quinsulfide antimony/ gold sulphur Sb2S5
The antimony(V)sulphide is also orange red. It is used in matches as a flammable component and for vulcanizing caoutchouc.
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
