Surgical scripts
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[edit] Surgical scripts
A script [[1]] is a written text, containing the dialogue and instructions for the performance of a work, usually in the performing arts.
In the surgical literature, just two references to surgical scripts have been identified. Both are in the field of surgical training.
The first reference is to a book entitled Surgical Scripts. Master Surgeons Think Aloud About 43 Common Surgical Problems1. This book consists of short accounts of the ways that a group of expert surgeons manage a variety of different surgical problems.
The second reference is to Pantogen surgical scripts 2. These are written texts describing all the steps and supporting information that an expert surgeon uses when operating.
The word Pantogen is derived from the Greek suffix panto- meaning all and the British informal word gen meaning information 3.
A Pantogen surgical script differs from other operative surgical training resources such as operative textbooks, How I do it articles, and protocols, by providing more than ten times the amount of information, with much greater range and depth 4,5,6.
Pantogen surgical scripts are unlimited in size. They consist of operations divided into an unlimited number of very small steps. Each step is supported by an unlimited amount of expert information. Each script can be edited to suit the preferences of any expert surgeon 7.
The supporting information for any step falls into one or more categories 7. These include basic categories, such as why do the step, what instruments and materials to use, where to start and where to finish the step. Problem-avoiding categories include dangers, decision making, inferences, hints, tips and checks. Problem-solving categories include unpredictables, errors, how to correct errors and mayday (eg when to call for help).
Examples of Pantogen surgical scripts describing operations in general surgery, breast surgery,endocrine, paediatric surgery, thoracic surgery, urology and vascular surgery can be seen on Wikisurgery.
[edit] References
1 Abernathy CM and Hamm RM. Master Surgeons Think Aloud About 43 Common Surgical Problems. ISBN: 1-56053-119-3: 1994 Hanley and Belfus, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
2 Edwards MH. From protocol to pantogen and pantino: customisable surgical scripts with all the expert information. Hosp Med 2001; 62: 232-234.
3 Oxford Dictionary of English 2nd edition: 2003 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
4 Lowy AM. Right Hemicolectomy for Cancer. In: Master of Surgery 4th edition Ed Baker RJ, Fischer JE. Lippencott, 2001; 1548-1551.
5 Croft TJ Ivor-Lewis. oesophagectomy for middle and lower third oesophageal lesions – how we do it. J R Coll Surg Edinb 2000; 45: 296-303.
6 Surgical treatment of the thyroid gland The British Association of Thyroid and Endocrine Surgeons. www.baes.info [20 February 20007]
7 Edwards MH An alternative approach to skills training. Surgeonsnews 2003; 2: 92- 94.
