Thelma Schoonmaker

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Thelma Schoonmaker (born January 3, 1940) is an American Academy Award-winning film editor who has worked with director Martin Scorsese for over thirty-five years. She has edited many of Scorsese's films, such as Raging Bull, The Aviator, Goodfellas, The Last Temptation of Christ, The King of Comedy, After Hours, Gangs of New York and The Departed and the documentry The Last Waltz. Schoonmaker has received six Academy Award nominations, and has won three times (for editing Raging Bull, The Aviator, and The Departed).

Schoonmaker was married to director Michael Powell from May 19, 1984 until his death in 1990. Since his death Schoonmaker has been dedicated to preserving the films and honoring the legacy of her husband, who directed the classic film, The Red Shoes.^[1][2]

Contents 1 Background 2 Trivia 3 Quote(s) 4 Selected filmography 4.1 As film editor 4.2 Other credits 5 Academy Awards and nominations 6 Other awards and nominations 7 References 8 External links

[edit] Background

Thelma Schoonmaker's father was employed by the Standard Oil Company and worked abroad.^[3] She was born in Algeria to American expatriates and raised in various countries, including on the Dutch-Caribbean island of Aruba.^[4][3]

Schoonmaker did not live in the United States until she was a teenager in 1955, and was initially alienated and dumbfounded by American culture.^[3] Schoonmaker was interested in a career in international diplomacy and began attending Cornell University in 1957, where she studied political science and the Russian language. (She attended classes taught by Vladimir Nabokov.) When she graduated from Cornell in 1961, she began taking State Department tests in order to apply for positions in the U.S. government.^[2][3] Being politically inclined and opinionated, Schoonmaker expressed distaste for the South African policy of apartheid, a stance which didn't sit well with those administering the State Department tests.^[3][5] In reaction to this experience, Schoonmaker switched gears and began taking a course in primitive art.

At that point, she saw an employment advertisement in the New York Times which sought an "assistant film editor" to which she responded and got the job. The job entailed assisting an "editor" who was randomly cutting frames from classic European films, (such as those by Francois Truffaut, Jean Luc Godard and Federico Fellini), so that their length would conform to the running times of U.S. television broadcasts.^[3] Although she was revolted by the callousness of the editor's methods, Schoomaker nonetheless picked up important technical skills, including negative cutting.

Schoonmaker signed up for a brief six-week course in filmmaking at New York University (NYU), where she came into contact with budding young filmmaker Martin Scorsese, who was struggling to complete his film What's a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This? A negative cutter had butchered his film, not leaving enough negative frames to allow for hot splicing. One of her film professors asked Schoonmaker to help Scorsese; a close working relationship with him has unfolded over the past thirty-five years.^[3]

At NYU Schoomaker also met director Michael Wadleigh and later edited his influential music festival documentary, Woodstock. Her first major film editing work on Woodstock garnered Schoonmaker an Academy Award nomination for Best Editing. Her careful use of superimpositions and freeze frames brought the performances in the film to life, and added to the movie's wide appeal, thus helping to raise the artistry and visibility of documentary filmmaking to a new level.^[6]

Despite her obvious skill and talent, the early period of Schoonmaker's career was difficult; joining the union has always been challenging, and the film industry generally has been a restrictive boys club.^[1][4] Consequently, there was a twelve-year gap between her work on Scorsese's student films and her Oscar-winning work on his masterful Raging Bull.

Nonetheless Schoonmaker helped to shatter some film industry glass ceilings, and has amassed an impressive list of film editing credits. Variety's Eileen Kowalski notes that, "Indeed, many of the editorial greats have been women: Dede Allen, Verna Fields, Thelma Schoonmaker, Anne V. Coates and Dorothy Spencer."^[7]

[edit] Trivia

Thelma Schoonmaker was introduced by Martin Scorsese and London based film producer Frixos Constantine to her husband, film director Michael Powell. (Schoonmaker and Powell were married for six years until Powell's death in 1990.)^[5]

[edit] Quote(s)

• "You get to contribute so significantly in the editing room because you shape the movie and the performances," she says. "You help the director bring all the hard work of those who made the film to fruition. You give their work rhythm and pace and sometimes adjust the structure to make the film work ‑- to make it start to flow up there on the screen. And then it's very rewarding after a year's work to see people react to what you've done in the theater."^[1]

[edit] Selected filmography

[edit] As film editor

• Woodstock (1970)
• Raging Bull (1980)
• The King of Comedy (1982)
• After Hours (1985)
• Bad (1987) Michael Jackson music video
• The Last Temptation of Christ (1988)
• New York Stories (1989) segment "Life Lessons"
• Goodfellas (1990)
• Cape Fear (1991) (remake)
• The Age of Innocence (1993)
• Casino (1995)
• Gangs of New York (2002)
• AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Robert De Niro (2003) (TV)
• The Aviator (2004)
• The Departed (2006)

[edit] Other credits

• The Kids Are Alright (1979) (special consultant)
• Woodstock (1980) (assistant director & editor)

[edit] Academy Awards and nominations

• 1971 - Woodstock (nominated) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing
• 1981 - Raging Bull (won) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing
• 1991 - Goodfellas (nominated) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing
• 2003 - Gangs of New York (nominated) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing
• 2005 - The Aviator (won) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing
• 2007 - The Departed (won) Academy Award - Best Achievement in Film Editing

[edit] Other awards and nominations

• 1981 - Raging Bull (1980) (won) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film
• 1982 - Raging Bull (1980) (won) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 1984 - The King of Comedy (1982) (nominated) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 1991 - Goodfellas (1990) (nominated) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film
• 1991 - Goodfellas (1990) (won) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 1993 - Cape Fear (nominated) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 1992 - Gotham Below the Line Award (won)
• 1996 - Casino (1995) (nominated) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film
• 2000 - Hollywood Film Festival - Hollywood Film Award (won)
• 2003 - Gangs of New York (2002) (won) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film - Dramatic
• 2003 - Gangs of New York (2002) (nominated) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 2003 - Gangs of New York (2002) (won) Satellite Awards Golden Satellite Award Best Film Editing
• 2004 - AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Robert De Niro (2003) (TV) (2004) (nominated) Emmy Award - Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special
• 2005 - The Aviator (won) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film - Dramatic
• 2005 - The Aviator (nominated) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 2005 - The Aviator (won) Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards Sierra Award - Best Editing
• 2005 - The Aviator (nominated) Satellite Awards Golden Satellite Award Best Film Editing
• 2005 - The Aviator (nominated) OFCS Award - Online Film Critics Society Awards Best Editing
• 2007 - The Departed (nominated) American Cinema Editors ACE Eddie - Best Edited Feature Film - Dramatic
• 2007 - The Departed (nominated) BAFTA Film Award - Best Editing
• 2007 - The Departed (nominated) OFCS Award - Online Film Critics Society Awards Best Editing

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Thelma Schoonmaker at the Internet Movie Database
• New York Times - "Thelma Schoonmaker" credits / brief bio
• Fresh Air interview with Thelma Schoonmaker
• "Thelma Schoonmaker: A Personal Journey with Scorsese and Powell" By Jonathan Marlow, GreenCine.com, October 6, 2006
• Time Out interview
• Wide Angle / Close Up interview
• "American Cinema Editors - "2004 Oscar Nominees Discuss their Craft" By William Kallay
• 2007 Coolidge Award Thelma Schoonmaker - The Coolidge Corner Theatre
• iVillage Entertainment "The Last Temptation of Thelma" by Lan N. Nguyen
• "Hollywood Outstanding Achievement in Editing Award Honoree - THELMA SCHOONMAKER" August 2000
• Cornell University (news)"Thelma Schoonmaker '61 to talk movies Nov. 19 at Cornell" By Daniel Aloi
• Movies.com: Celebrity Profile - Thelma Schoonmaker
• "Scorsese's film editor, Thelma Schoonmaker '61, talks of 'Raging Bull' and Michael Powell" By Daniel Aloi - Cornell University