Ume Sami
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ume Sami | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Norway, Sweden | |
| Total speakers: | ~20 | |
| Language family: | Uralic Finno-Ugric Finno-Permic Finno-Volgaic Finno-Lappic Sami Western Ume Sami |
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| Writing system: | Latin alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | smi | |
| ISO 639-3: | sju | |
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| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
Ume Sami is a Sami language spoken in Sweden and Norway. It is a dying language with only about 20 native speakers left and is spoken mainly along the Ume River in the north of Arjeplog and Arvidsjaur.
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[edit] Grammar
[edit] Consonant gradation
Unlike its southern neighbor Southern Sami, Ume Sámi has consonant gradation. However, gradation is more limited than it is in the more northern Sami languages, because it occurs only after long vowels or diphthongs. Consonants following a short vowel do not participate in gradation.
[edit] Cases
[edit] Pronouns
[edit] Verbs
[edit] Person
[edit] Mood
[edit] Tense
[edit] Negative verb
Ume Sami, like Finnish, the other Sámi languages and Estonian, has a negative verb. In Ume Sámi, the negative verb conjugates according to mood (indicative and imperative), person (1st, 2nd and 3rd) and number (singular, dual and plural).
[edit] Phonology
[edit] Writing system
Ume Sámi is one of the four Sámi languages that does not have an official written language, although it was the first Sámi language to be written extensively. The New Testament was published in Ume Sámi in 1755 and the first Bible in Sámi was also published in Ume Sámi, in 1811.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Sámi lottit Names of birds found in Sápmi in a number of languages, including Skolt Sámi and English. Search function only works with Finnish input though.
| Finno-Ugric languages | |||
| Ugric | Hungarian | Khanty | Mansi | ||
| Permic | Komi | Komi-Permyak | Udmurt | ||
| Finno-Volgaic | Mari | Erzya | Moksha | Merya† | Meshcherian† | Muromian† | ||
| Sami | Akkala Sami† | Inari Sami | Kemi Sami† | Kildin Sami | Lule Sami | Northern Sami | Pite Sami | Skolt Sami | Southern Sami | Ter Sami | Ume Sami | ||
| Baltic-Finnic | Estonian | Finnish | Ingrian | Karelian | Kven | Livonian | Ludic | Meänkieli | South Estonian | Veps | Votic | Võro † denotes extinct |
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