William Coxe

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William Coxe (March 17, 1747 - June 8, 1828), English historian, son of Dr William Coxe, physician to the royal household, was born in London. After his father's death his mother Martha married John Christopher Smith, who was Handel's amanuensis and son of his friend Johann Christoph Schmidt.

Educated at Marylebone Grammar School and at Eton College, he proceeded to King's College, Cambridge, and was elected a fellow of this society in 1768. In 1771 he took holy orders, and afterwards visited many parts of Europe as tutor and travelling companion to various noblemen and gentlemen, including Lord Herbert, son of the Earl of Pembroke and Samuel Whitbread of the brewing family.

In 1786 he was appointed vicar of Kingston upon Thames, and ~fl 1788 rector of Bemerton, Wiltshire. He also held the rectory of Stourton, Wiltshire from 1801 to 1811 and that of Fovant from 1811 until his death. In 1791 he was made prebendary of Salisbury, and in 1804 Archdeacon of Wiltshire.

He married in 1803 Eleanora, daughter of William Shairp, consul-general for Russia, and widow of Thomas Yeldham of St Petersburg.

During a long residence at Bemerton Coxe was mainly occupied in literary work. His:

• Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole (London, 1798),
• Memoirs of Horatio, Lord Walpole (London, 1802),
• Memoirs of John, Duke of Marlborough (London, 1818-1819),
• Private and Original Correspondence of Charles Talbot, Duke of Shrewsbury (London, 1821),
• Memoirs of the Administrations of Henry Pelham (London, 1829),

are very valuable for the history of the 18th century.

His History of the House of Austria (London, 1807, new ed. 1853 and 1873), and Memoirs of the Bourbon Kings of Spain (London, 1813), give evidence of careful and painstaking work on the part of the author. The style, however, as in all his works, is remarkably dull.

His other works are mainly accounts of his travels:

• Sketches of the Natural, Political and Civil State of Switzerland (London, 1779)
• Account of the Russian Discoveries between Asia and America (London, 1780)
• Account of Prisons and Hospitals in Russia, Sweden and Denmark (London, 1781)
• Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark (London, 1784)
• Travels in Switzerland (London, 1789)
• Letter on Secret Tribunals of Westphalia (London, 1796)
• Historical Tour in Monmouthshire (London, 1801).

He also edited Gay's Fables, and wrote a Life of John Gay (Salisbury, 1797), Anecdotes of G. F. Handel and J. C. Smith (London, 1798), and a few other works of minor importance. Some of his books have been translated into French, and several have gone through two or more editions.

[edit] References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.