Talk:已開發國家

维基百科，自由的百科全书

已開發國家曾於2005年3月21日登上維基百科首頁的「你知道嗎？」欄位。

[编辑] 條目評選

[编辑] 新條目推薦

[编辑] 关于三个世界的划分

三个世界理论是毛泽东首先在1974年提出来的，当时他的原话是：

“我看美国、苏联是第一世界。中间派，日本、欧洲、加拿大，是第二世界。咱们是第三世界。”“第三世界人口很多。亚洲除了日本都是第三世界。整个非洲都是第三世界，拉丁美洲是第三世界。”

后来，邓小平在联合国大会上进行了进一步的阐述：“从国际关系的变化看，现在的世界实际上存在着互相联系又互相矛盾着的三个方面、三个世界。美国、苏联是第一世界。亚非拉发展中国家和其他地区的发展中国家，是第三世界。处于这两者之间的发达国家是第二世界。”

因此，如果说冷战时期的三个世界划分，发达国家，当然应该归类为第二世界。在冷战时期，从来没有将东欧社会主义国家单独列为第二世界过。将发达国家归类为第一世界，其实是冷战结束之后对于这个理论的引申。

这个理论是中国人提出来的，英文版的作者可能不清楚，但是中文版最好还是不要犯这样的错误。

金翅大鹏鸟 00:50 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

其实我也是很奇怪，记得历史上是这么说的。一时偷懒，没有调查。 你去把那个英文的改了吧。--Unugy 02:12 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

我又看了一下，英语的第一世界和我们说的不一样。--Unugy 02:16 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

英文版的Wiki，我已经一个礼拜上不去了。好心人把这一段帖出来给安看看吧。谢谢！不过我坚持认为，把东欧社会主义国家单独列为第二世界的说法，其实并不存在。 金翅大鹏鸟 04:09 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

英文版這樣寫：

Other terms sometimes used to describe the developed/developing country dichotomy are first world/third world (the term second world was during the Cold War reserved for communist states,) North/South, or industrialized countries/non-industrialized countries. The term Western countries has similar, though not identical, connotations.

不過我也懷疑這段內容的真實性。我以前學的三個分類，是："developed countries", "developing countries" (如：當時的亞洲四小龍，後來的四小虎)和"under-developed countries"。第三世界的國家都是低度發展的。--石添小草 04:40 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

問了一襲我們的歷史老師，他說“第二世界”最早就是指加拿大、日本等實力不及蘇美，但又不至於差到存在大批貧困人口的國家，並沒有明確指出東歐是第二世界。--Refrain 05:08 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

Ok，这样看来，至少把原文中那个括号去掉应该不会有什么异议了吧。金翅大鹏鸟 05:20 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

from en.wikipedia.org: Third World is a term originally used to distinguish those nations that neither aligned with the West nor with the East during the Cold War and many were members of the Non-Aligned Movement, but today is used to denote the nations with smallest UN Human Development Index (HDI) of the world, independently of their political status

The terms First World, Second World, and Third World can be used to divide the nations of Earth into three broad categories. The term Second World has largely fallen out of use because the circumstances to which it referred largely ended with the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union.

好像人家说的,和大陆教的不一样.西方在50年代就有了第一世界的说法,好像. --Unugy 05:55 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

在贴一点 he three terms did not arise simultaneously. After World War II, people began to speak of the NATO and Warsaw Pact countries as two major blocs, often using such terms as the "free world" as compared to the "Soviet bloc". It was eventually pointed out that there were a great many countries that fit into neither category, and in the 1950s this group came to be called the Third World. It then began to seem that there ought to be a "First World" and a "Second World".

Eventually, it became common practice to refer to nations within the Soviet Union's sphere of influence (e.g. the Warsaw Pact countries) as the Second World. Besides the Soviet Union proper, most of Eastern Europe was run by satellite governments working closely with Moscow. The term "Second world" may or may not also refer to Communist countries whose leadership were at odds with Moscow, e.g. China and Yugoslavia.

There were a number of countries which did not fit comfortably into this neat definition of partition, including Switzerland, Sweden, and the Republic of Ireland, which chose to be neutral. Finland was under the Soviet Union's sphere of influence but was not communist, nor was it a member of the Warsaw Pact. Austria was under the United States' sphere of influence, but in 1955, when the country again became a fully independent republic, it did so under the condition that it remained neutral. Yugoslavia, a communist east European country, was a founder member of the Non-Aligned Movement. Albania was a communist east European country which withdrew from the Warsaw Pact over ideological differences in 1968 and had stopped supporting the pact as early as 1962.

In recent years, as many "developing" countries have industrialized, the term Fourth World has been coined to refer to countries that have been left out of economic globalization and still lack industrial infrastructure.

--Unugy 06:01 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

Common practise in 1950s? 我本人是学英语的，说实话我并没有看到过在50年代时有人把美欧叫做第一世界、或者把苏联东欧叫做第二世界。是否可以请Unugy在英文wiki问一问呢？ 金翅大鹏鸟 06:32 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

線上英語字典的定義：

• Fisrt World
  • the highly developed industrialized nations often considered the westernized countries of the world Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary, 10th Edition
  • the industrialized capitalist countries of western Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. Compact Oxford English Dictionary
  • main industrialized nations: the principal industrialized countries of the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, the nations of Western Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition
  • During the Cold War, the industrialized capitalist nations of the world. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language
  • the major industrialized non-Communist nations, including those in Western Europe, the United States, Canada, and Japan. Cf. Second World, Third World, Fourth World. Infoplease Dictionary
• Second World
  • the Communist nations as a political and economic bloc Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary, 10th Edition
  • During the Cold War, the Communist nations of the world. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language
  • 1. the world's industrialized nations other than the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. 2. the Communist and socialist nations of the world. Cf. First World, Third World, Fourth World. Infoplease Dictionary
• Third World
  • 1 : a group of nations especially in Africa and Asia not aligned with either the Communist or the non-Communist blocs 2 : an aggregate of minority groups within a larger predominant culture 3 : the aggregate of the underdeveloped nations of the world Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary, 10th Edition
  • • noun the developing countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. — ORIGIN first used to distinguish the developing countries from the capitalist and Communist blocs. Compact Oxford English Dictionary
  • less developed nations: the nations outside the capitalist industrial nations of the First World and the industrialized Communist nations of the Second World, generally less economically advanced but with varied economies ( hyphenated when used before a noun ) Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition
  • 1. The developing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin American. 2. Minority groups as a whole within a larger prevailing culture. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language
  • 1. the underdeveloped nations of the world, esp. those with widespread poverty. 2. the group of developing nations, esp. of Asia and Africa, that do not align themselves with the policies of either the U.S. or the former Soviet Union. 3. the minority groups within a nation or predominant culture. Cf. First World, Second World, Fourth World. Infoplease Dictionary
  • The nonaligned nations—which are often developing nations—of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. They are in a “third” group of nations because they were allied neither with the United States nor with the former Soviet Union. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy
  • Sociology
  • Encyclopedia.com

--可夫 (talky? click me!) 09:05 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

非常感谢可夫兄，确实是我孤陋寡闻所至。上学上了这么多年，今天方才得知毛泽东不是“三个世界”这一概念的首倡者。西方对三个世界的划分与大陆教科书上的如此不同，我们教科书和大众传媒上居然一字不提，真是令人遗憾。我看不如这样，这个条目保持原样，再在第二世界这个条目中加入说明就好了。大家意见如何？ 金翅大鹏鸟 09:57 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

嗯嗯嗯……終于知道什麽叫做井底之蛙了，謝謝Cough大人。--Refrain 12:42 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

其实这个误会主要是英语的和大陆的说法差不了很多，所以容易混淆。另外，google汉语的第一世界等，也可以看到还是有人用英语的定义的。 另外为什么你访问不了英语的wiki?

--Unugy 15:36 2005年3月22日 (UTC)

另外 “可夫”提供的第二世界的定义，还是包括大陆的说法的--Unugy 15:40 2005年3月22日 (UTC)