8th millennium BC
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| Millennia: | 9th millennium BC - | 8th millennium BC - | 7th millennium BC |
In the 8th millennium BC, agriculture becomes widely practiced in the Fertile Crescent and Anatolia. Pottery becomes widespread (with independent development in Central America) and animal husbandry (pastoralism) spreads to Africa and Eurasia. World population is approximately 5 million.
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[edit] Events
- c. 8000 BC - Ice Age ended.
- c. 8000 BC - Upper Paleolithic period ended.
- c. 8000 BC - 7000 BC - Paleolithic-Neolithic overlap.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Nevali Cori in present-day Turkey are established.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Sagalassos in present-day southwest Turkey are established.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Akure in present-day southwest Nigeria are established.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Øvre Eiker and Nedre Eiker in present-day Buskerud, Norway are established.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Ærø, Denmark are established.
- c. 8000 BC - Settlements at Deepcar near present-day Sheffield, England are established.
- c. 8000 BC - North American Arctic is inhabited by hunter-gatherers of the Paleo-Arctic Tradition.
- c. 8000 BC - Pre-Anasazi Paleo-Indians move into the Southwest United States.
- c. 8000 BC - Plano cultures inhabit the Great Plains area of North America (from 9th millennium)
- c. 8000 BC - World population: 5,000,000[1]
- c. 7500 BC - Settlements at Sand, Applecross on the coast of Wester Ross, Scotland are constructed.
- c. 7500 BC - Çatalhöyük, a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, is founded.
- c. 7500 BC - Cattle Period begins in the Sahara.
- c. 7500 BC - Mesolithic hunter-gatherers are the first humans to reach Ireland.
- c. 7370 BC - End of the large settlement at Jericho.
- c. 7200 - 5000 BC - Ain Ghazal, Jordan is inhabited. 30 acres.
- c. 7000 BC - The earliest possible rise of the Punjab culture.
[edit] Environmental changes
- c. 8000 BC - Glaciers form the rock formation in present-day New Hampshire formerly known as the "Old Man of the Mountain."
- c. 7911 BC - Series of seven massive volcanic eruptions give volcanic skies and lowered temperatures for several centuries <t.7090 BC>. Locations not known, but show in polar ice. (NatGeo1986-9)
- c. 7640 BC - Date theorized for impact of Tollmann's hypothetical bolide with Earth and associated global cataclysm.
- c. 7220 BC - Eruption of Mount Edgecumbe, Alaska.
- Large outflow of fresh water from Black Sea into Aegean Sea.
[edit] Inventions, discoveries, introductions
- Rise of agriculture.
- First known marriages in Ancient Near East.
- Potatoes and beans are cultivated in South America
- Beginning of rice cultivation in East Asia
- Domestication of the cat and Bos aegyptiacus ox in Ancient Egypt
- Domestication of sheep in Southwest Asia
- Huts, hearths, granaries, and nonportable stone tools for grinding grains Africa
- Catal Huyuk, men wear animals skins, plus hats of the same material Asia
- Houses, kilns, pottery, turquoise carvings, tools made from stone and bone—and most remarkably—bone flutes China
- City located in Anatolia, or modern day Turkey where a number of artifacts appear to support evidence for the widespread practice of Goddess worship
- Clay and plaster are molded to form statues at Jericho and cAin Ghazal Mediterranean
- First evidence for this with incised "counting tokens" about 9,000 years ago in the Neolithic fertile crescent. Asia
- Japanese potters begin around this time to decorate pottery cooking vessels Japan
- Simple pottery traditions sometimes with cord impressions or other decorative markings Korea
- Agriculture in New Guinea Australia
- Chinese in this village Jiahu already had established a village life. Parts of the city were devoted to different functions China
- Chinese were accomplished musicians and craftspeople the Jiahu site China
- Evidence of wheat, barley, sheep, goats, and pigs suggests that a food-producing economy is adopted in Aegean Greece
- Franchthi Cave in the Argolid, Greece, attests to the earliest deliberate burials in Greece
- North Sea: North Sea bottoms are largely dry land before this period. England
- Archaic Period; Native Americans move seasonally around Vermont to live, hunt, gather, and fish
- Pottery making, burial mound construction, and garden technology Mexico
- Off the main road connecting the capital to Cuernavaca, stands a circular step pyramid of great complexity Mexico City
- In the valley of Mexico, chili peppers and "grain" (amaranth & maize) are grown.
- Glacial activity creates Champlain Sea; Paleo-Indians explore and hunt in Vermont
- World - Between 12,000 BC and 5,000 BC it appears that massive inland flooding was taking place in several regions of the world, making for subsequent sea level rises which could be relatively abrupt for many worldwide
- Northern Europe - Women supposedly developed blonde ("blond" for males) hair and blue eyes to allure or attract scarce population of males due to conditions in the north (The Sunday Times, 26 February 2006)
[edit] Cultural landmarks
- c. 7500 BC - Howick house in Northumberland, England is constructed.
- c. 7193 BC - According to Korean legend, an alliance of northern Altaic tribes under a "Huan" (Hun) ruler predates the establishment of China.
[edit] Fiction and myth
- 8,000 BC - approximate birth date of The Emperor.
- c. 7600 BC - The Changelings founded The Dominion in the fictional Star Trek universe.
- 7227 BC - the supposed date of the fall of Atlantis according to Rudolf Steiner.
- The Ancients (Alterans) of the fictional Stargate universe submerge Atlantis following a losing war with the Wraith species, closely matching the supposed date of the mythical city.
[edit] References
- ^ an average of figures from different sources as listed at the US Census Bureau's Historical Estimates of World Population
Millennia
