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The Al-Shams was a paramilitary wing of the Jamaat-e-Islami in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan), that with the Pakistan Army and the Al-Badr is held responsible for conducting a mass killing campaign against Bengali nationalists, civilians, religious and ethnic minorities in the Bangladesh Liberation War. The group was banned by the independent government of Bangladesh, but most of its members had fled the country during and after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which led to Bangladesh's independence.
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