Ballantine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ballantine was an American brewery, founded by Peter Ballantine who was born in Scotland in 1781. It is best known for Ballantine Ale, a pale ale that is one of the oldest brands of beer in the United States. At its peak, Ballantine, was the 4th largest brewer in the United States.
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[edit] History
[edit] Ballantine era
The company was founded in 1840 in Newark, New Jersey by Peter Ballantine (1781-1883), who emigrated from Scotland. The company was originally incorporated as the Patterson & Ballantine Brewing Company. Ballantine rented an old brewing site which had dated back to 1805. Around 1850 Ballantine bought out his partner and purchased land near the Passaic River to brew his ale. His three sons joined the business and in 1857 the company was renamed P. Ballantine and Sons. The name would be used for the next 115 years, until the company closed its brewery. By 1879 it had become sixth largest brewery in the US, almost twice as large as Anheuser-Busch. Ballantine added a second brewery location, also in Newark, in order to brew lager beer to fill out the company product line. Peter Ballantine died in 1883 and his eldest son had died just a few months earlier. His second oldest son then controlled the company until his own death from cancer in 1895. The last son died in 1905 and the company was taken over by George Griswold Frelinghuysen, the company's vice-president, who was married to Peter Ballantine's granddaughter.
[edit] Frelinghuysen era
George Griswold Frelinghuysen (1851-1936) was the son of Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen and Matilda Elizabeth Griswold. He graduated from Rutgers College in 1870, received his Bachelor of Laws from Columbia University Law School in 1872, and was admitted to the New Jersey and New York bars in 1872 and 1876 respectively. George married Sara Linen Ballantine on April 26, 1881. Sara was the granddaughter of Peter Ballantine, the company founder. George and Sara had two children together: Peter Hood Ballantine Frelinghuysen I (1882-?) who married Adaline Havemeyer (1884-?); and Matilda Elizabeth Frelinghuysen (1887-?). He started his career as a patent lawyer, eventually working for and becoming President of Ballantine at the death of Robert Francis Ballantine (1836-1905), who was the last surviving son of founder Peter Ballantine. George died in 1935 and the George Griswold Frelinghuysen Arboretum is named for him.
[edit] Badenhausen era
In 1933 the Ballantine company was acquired by two brothers, Carl and Otto Badenhausen. The Badenhausens' grew the brand through its most successful period of the 1940's and 1950's, primarily through clever advertising. Ballantine Beer was the first television sponsor of the New York Yankees. It was during this period that the brand was elevated to the number three beer in the U.S. It was also during this period that the company grew into one of the largest privately held corporations in the United States. Ballantine Beer enjoyed a high level of success into the early 1960's, however by the mid-sixties the brand began losing popularity. In 1965 Carl Badenhausen sold the company but remained at the helm until his retirement in 1969.
[edit] Decline
In the 1960s the company went into decline. The breweries were closed and the beers were produced by a number of different outsourced companies, beginning with Rhode Island's Falstaff. Katherine Ballantine, granddaughter of Pete, now resides in Greenwich, CT.
[edit] Brand name sold
As of 2005, the Ballantine Ale brand name is owned and marketed by the Pabst Brewing Company, which in turn outsources the brewing to the Miller Brewing Company.
[edit] The brand today
Because Ballantine is now widely sold in 40 oz bottles, it is often lumped together with Olde English and other malt liquors in the public mind as a "badass ghetto beer" [1]. However, the formula has purportedly not been changed since it was a popular and well-regarded pale ale.
[edit] Presidents
- Peter Ballantine (1781-1883) from 1840 through 1883
- Robert Francis Ballantine (1836-1905) possibly from 1883 through 1905
- George Griswold Frelinghuysen (1851-1936) possibly from 1905 through 1936
- Carl Badenhausen (1894-1981) from 1933 through 1969
[edit] Ballantine in popular culture
- The brewery had a long sponsorship arrangement with the New York Yankees on television and radio, spanning the 1940s to 1960s. Team announcers, most notably, the legendary Mel Allen, labeled Yankee home runs, "Ballantine Blasts."
- Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham was reputed to have "borrowed" the design of Ballantine's three-ring logo for his representative symbol on Led Zeppelin IV.
- Some statisticians refer to Venn diagrams as Ballentines (note spelling) because the beer can's label looked like a Venn diagram.
- The abstract expressionist painter Willem de Kooning said of gallery owner Leo Castelli, that "he could sell anything. He could even sell beer cans." The artist Jasper Johns heard of this statement, and produced a series of castings in bronze of Ballantine Ale cans, with labels painted on, under the title Painted Bronze.
- The favorite drink of character Martin Crane on the sitcom Frasier is Ballantine.
- Artwork on the label is a set of Borromean rings; these are mathematically interesting because all three are interlinked but no two of them are linked.
- The Wu-Tang Clan has made many affectionate references to the drink, i.e. "shine shine shine like gold mine / here comes the drunk monk with a quart of Ballantine" (GZA, Clan In Da Front)
- Singer-songwriter Kevin Devine references the drink in his song "Afterparty," i.e. "you keep drinking all my Ballantine and laughing while your lips turn blue."
[edit] Sources
- Kennedy, Peter, "Ballentine: A Graphical Aid for Econometrics," Australian Economics Papers, v. 20, 1981, pp. 414-416.
