Lac Saint-Jean
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Lac Saint-Jean | |
|---|---|
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| Location | Quebec |
| Coordinates | |
| Lake type | impact crater lake |
| Primary sources | Ashuapmushuan, Mistassini, Peribonka, Des Aulnaies, Métabetchouan, Ouiatchouane |
| Primary outflows | Saguenay River |
| Basin countries | Canada |
| Surface area | 1003 km² |
| Max depth | 63 m |
Lac Saint-Jean is a large, shallow lake in south-central Quebec, Canada, in the Laurentian Highlands (1003 km², 63 m deep). It is situated 206 kilometres north of the Saint Lawrence River, into which it drains via the Saguenay River.
The lake is fed by dozens of small rivers, including the Ashuapmushuan, the Mistassini, the Peribonka, the Des Aulnaies, the Métabetchouan, and the Ouiatchouane. The towns on its shores include Alma, Dolbeau-Mistassini, Roberval, Normandin, and Saint-Félicien.
The 40-kilometre wide lake was formed as a result of the impact of a 15 billion ton, two kilometre wide meteorite which struck the Earth about 350 million years ago, during the Devonian Period.
The lake was initially named Piékouagami (Flat Lake) by the Kakouchak Innu who lived on its shores. It was given its French name after Jean Dequen, a Jesuit missionary who in 1647 was the first European to reach its shores.
Industry on the lake was dominated with the fur trade until the 19th century. Colonization began in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region in the early 1800s and continued intensively until the early 20th century. Industry was mainly forestry and agriculture. In the 20th century, pulp and paper mills and aluminum smelting rose to importance, encouraged by hydroelectric dams at Alma and on the Péribonka River. Lac Saint-Jean also has an important summer resort and sport-fishing industry.
The area is featured in the classic French novel Maria Chapdelaine by Louis Hémon published in 1914 and subsequently translated into twenty languages.
