Lotus Elise
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Lotus Elise | |
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 |
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| Manufacturer | Lotus Cars |
| Production | 1996-present |
| Predecessor | Lotus 7 |
| Class | Roadster |
| Body style | 2-door convertible |
| Engine | 1.8 L Rover K-Series 1.8 L Toyota |
| Related | Exige,340R, VX220, Circuit Car, Europa |
| Designer | Julian Thomson |
The Lotus Elise is a roadster conceived in early 1994 and released in September 1996 by the English manufacturer Lotus Cars. The car has a hand-finished fiberglass body shell atop its aluminium extrusion and bonded frame that provides a rigid platform for the suspension, while keeping weight and production costs to a minimum. The Elise was named after then Lotus' chairman Romano Artioli's granddaughter, "Elisa".
Contents |
[edit] Series 1
The design philosophy of Lotus is "Performance through light weight", a philosophy first adopted by the founder of Lotus, Colin Chapman. The motto drives Lotus to obtain very high performance with lightweight cars in spite of their relatively modest power outputs, with a strong emphasis on driving purity and dynamics.
The result is a sports car that in production form in 1996 weighed in at just 720 kg (1,500 lb). Compare this to a Porsche Boxster which is also considered to be an extremely lightweight sports car but weighs nearly twice as much — 1,250kg (2,756 lb).
As a result, the Elise's acceleration, braking, cornering, and fuel consumption (all of which are improved by reductions in a car's weight) was nothing short of astonishing in spite of the fact that the engine put out a relatively modest 120 bhp (89 kW). Compare that to 201 bhp (149 kW) produced by the 1997 Porsche Boxster.
Although high-tech, it represented affordable cost of ownership for sports car lovers on a budget who still wanted performance and looks.
Besides the "standard" higher-performance variants listed below, Lotus also released some limited edition models such as Sport 135 (1998/9) with approx 145 bhp (108 kW), Sport 160 (2000) with 150–160 bhp (112–119 kW) and Sport 190 (allegedly 190bhp / 142 kW). These were more competent on track with sports suspension, wheels and tyres, seats according to model. There were other special editions which were basically cosmetic treatments such as the 50th Anniversary Edition (green/gold) celebrating 50 years of Lotus cars, the Type 49 ("Gold Leaf" red and white two-tone), and Type 72 ("JPS" black/gold) to recall their successful Grand Prix car type numbers.
[edit] 111S
The original Elise, called the Series 1 was augmented by a faster edition called the 111S, named after the Lotus type-number of the Elise — M111. The 111S was introduced in early 1999 and contained the VVC a Rover K-Series engine with a modified head and VVT type technology producing a declared 143bhp rather than the standard Rover 1.8 L K-series 118bhp unit, along with a closer ratio gearbox and lower ratio final drive. It also had more padding in the seats to the horror of purists and the relief of those with nerve endings in their bottoms. The 111S also received some cosmetic changes including: headlamp covers, rear spoiler, cross drilled brake discs, alloy window winders and a new 6 spoke road wheel design.
[edit] 340R
In 2000, the 340R limited edition model, based on a Series 1 Elise was introduced. This roofless car was a special edition, limited to only 340 cars being built. The name 340 refers to the 340 bhp/tonne (254 kW/tonne) power-to-weight ratio of the original prototype which had 177 bhp (131 kW) while weighing just 500 kg. The final production versions however weighed 568 kg in race trim.
[edit] Exige
Also in 2000, Lotus introduced the Exige — a hardtop version of the Elise with the 177 bhp (131 kW) engine from the 340R — as well as different front and rear clams, larger wheels, and a rear wing. Many models received an upgrade to 190 bhp (142 kW) with better driveability due to changes to ECU and cam timing.
[edit] Series 2
Announced on October 9 2000, the Series 2 Elise was a redesigned Series 1 using a slightly modified version of the Series 1 chassis and the same K-series engine with a brand new Lotus-developed ECU.
The design of the body paid homage to the still-born M250 project and was the first Lotus to be designed on computer. The Series 2 Elise is built on the same production line also created for the Vauxhall VX220/Opel Speedster in a newer facility at Hethel. Both cars shared many parts, including the chassis, although they have totally different drivetrains and powerplants. The Vauxhall / Opel version ceased production in 2004.
The series 2 was also available as a 111S model, with the VVT engine technology. Also released was the Lotus Sport 160, which is a Lotus 111S Series 2 with the additional track handling package. The 111S models were discontinued in 2005.
[edit] 111R
This Series 2 Elise model comes in European 111R version or a version sold in North America, called the Federal Elise. It is powered by the all-aluminium 189 hp (141 kW) Yamaha-designed, Toyota-produced 2ZZ-GE engine, has a Toyota gearbox and is acclaimed as the best version of the Elise to date, with tremendous performance numbers, with many tests resulting in 0–60 mph (0–100 km/h) in approximately 4.9 seconds or 4.7 seconds with the Sport Package.
The 2005 Lotus Elise was the first to be sold commercially in the United States, in the summer of 2004. Approval for the Elise, however, required intervention by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) who provided a three-year exemption for the car, as it had failed to meet US bumper regulations. The next-generation Elise, due in 2007, will be required to comply with the rules unless Lotus gets an exemption extension, like it did on multiple occasions with its previous USA distributed car, the Esprit.
This model has been followed up by the 2006 Model Year Elise 111R and SportRacer models. Lotus made a limited edition (50 in the US) version of the Lotus Elise as well, called the Lotus Elise Sport.
2006 models also differ from the 2005 models in a few aspects. 2006 models sport LED tail lights, drive-by-wire, an updated ECU, improved gas mileage, as well as more comfortable seats.
[edit] Special Editions
- Sport 190
- Sport 135R
- Type 23
- Type 25
- Type 49
- Type 72
[edit] Exige
The Series 2 Exige, comes with the same high revving Toyota engine and six speed gearbox as the Elise 111R, replacing the Rover K-series engine of the previous Exige.
The Series 2 Exige has been followed up by the limited-edition Lotus Sport Exige 240R, incorporating a Lotus-developed supercharger atop the Toyota engine.
[edit] List of cars sharing the Elise platform
- Lotus Europa S
- Circuit Car
- Lotus Exige
- Lotus Elise GT1
- Lotus GT3
- Opel Speedster
- Tesla Roadster
- Vauxhall VX220
[edit] External links
- Group Lotus PLC manufacturer site
- Lotus USA distributor site
- EliseTalk forum for discussing Lotus Cars
- SELOC Lotus enthusiasts' club
- SELOC TechWiki
- How the Lotus Elise Works from Howstuffworks
- Lotus Elise: A Nimble Car: design, engine, suspension, modifications, pictures
- Robert Collingridge's Elise site A tremendous source of information on all things Elise
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