Muhammad Shaybani
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Abu 'I-Fath Muhammad Shaybani Khan (c. 1451 – 1510), khan of the Uzbeks from 1500 until 1510. He was a descendant of Genghis Khan [1] through his ancestor Shayban, a son of Jochi.
Shayban converted the Shaybanid horde to Islam in 1282, and his horde became known as the Uzbeks.
By 1500 Muhammad Shaybani was master of Samarkand. He fought successful campaigns against Babur, founder of the Mogul Empire. In 1505 he again captured Samarkand and in 1507 also took Herat.
He conquered Bukhara in 1506 and established the Shaybanid Empire. The Shaybanid Khans later ended at Bukhara in 1598 and at Khwarizm (later named Khiva) in 1687.
In 1510, Shah Ismail I, ruler of the Safavid dynasty, moved against Uzbeks. Subsequently, in the Battle of Marv, Muhammad Shaybani was defeated, and was killed trying to escape. Ismail had Muhammad Shaybani's body parts sent to various areas of the empire for display and had his skull coated in gold and made into a jeweled drinking goblet which was drank from when entertaining. In time of his death all the lands between rivers Syr Darya and Amu Darya were in Uzbek hands.
After capturing Samarkand from Babur, Shaybani married Babur's sister, Khanzada Begum. He gave Babur the chance of leaving Samarkand if he agreed to marry her. After the death of Shaybani, Shah Ismail I freed Khanzada Begum with her son and returned them to Babur at Babur's request.
