Numerais romenos

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Os numerais romenos são o sistema usado em romeno para expressar contas, quantidades, postos em conjuntos ordenados, frações, multiplicação, e outras informações relacionadas a números.

[editar] Aspecto geral

Como em outros sistemas de numerais, os nomes dos numerais usam um conjunto limitado de palavras e regras de combinação, que podem ser aplicados para gerar o nome de qualquer numeral de dentro limites suficientemente amplos.

As características gerais da formação das regras de formação do numeral em romeno são:

A base da numeração usada é decimal.
A ordem de palavra é big-endian, exceto números de 11 a 19.
Números longos usam o sistema de longa escala, diferentemente do português.
Palavras de conexão são usadas em certos casos.
Alguns nomes de numerais têm formas específicas de acordo com o gênero.

[editar] Números cardinais

Números cardinais são as palavras que usamos para contar objetos ou expressar quantidade.

[editar] Nome do número 0

O número 0 é chamado zero. Ele pede a forma plural dos substantivos: zero grade (zero grau, sendo grade o plural de grad).

[editar] Números de 1 a 10

Os nomes dos números de 1 a 10 derivam do latim.

Número	Romeno	Latim
1	unu¹	unus
2	doi¹	duo
3	trei	tres
4	patru	quattuor
5	cinci	quinque
6	şase	sex
7	şapte	septem
8	opt	octo
9	nouă	novem
10	zece	decem

Notas

1. Em contagem, os nomes dos números 1 e 2 são os da tabela acima; porém, quando usados em uma sentença, eles mudam em função do substantivo que modificam ou substituem. É válido notar que as duas formas adjetivais dos número cardinal 1 (un e o) são idênticas às formas dos artigos indefinidos correspondentes.

un băiat (um garoto),
unul dintre băieţi (um dos garotos),
o fată (uma garota),
una dintre fete (uma das garotas),
doi băieţi (dois garotos),
două fete (duas garotas).

[editar] Números de 11 a 19

Diferentemente de todas as outras línguas românicas, o romeno tem um meio bastante consistente de nomear os números de 11 a 19. Esses são obtidos pela junção de três elementos: as unidades, a palavra spre (derivada do latim super = acima, atualmente significando em direção a), e a palavra para dez. Por exemplo, quinze é cincisprezece: cinci + spre + zece, que significa literalmente "cinco acima de dez". Essa é a única exceção ao princípio de nomeação numeral big-endian.

A tabela abaixo mostra as formas dos nomes de tais números e suas variantes curtas, usadas na língua falada, onde o elemento -sprezece substitui-se por -şpe.

Número	Romeno formal	Romeno informal
11	unsprezece	unşpe
12	doisprezece¹	doişpe
13	treisprezece	treişpe
14	paisprezece²	paişpe
15	cincisprezece³	cinşpe (não cincişpe)
16	şaisprezece²	şaişpe
17	şaptesprezece	şapteşpe
18	optsprezece⁴	optişpe, opşpe
19	nouăsprezece	nouăşpe

Notas

1. O nome do número 12 dado na tabela é de forma masculina/neutra; esse é o único número na lista que tem também forma : douăsprezece (informal douăşpe).

2. Os nomes dos números 14 e 16 não seguem exatamente a regra explicada. As formas patrusprezece e şasesprezece existem, mas raramente usadas.

3. Ao invés de cincisprezece, cinsprezece é usado às vezes.

4. O nome do número 18 é notório por ser a palavra romena com a maior junção consonantal (cinco consoantes sem vogais intercalando): ptspr, dividida em duas sílabas, opt-spre-ze-ce.

[editar] Números de 20 a 99

Os números nessa escala que são múltiplos de 10 (20, 30, ..., 90) são nomeados pela junção do número de dezenas com a palavra zeci (plural de zece), mostrados na tabela abaixo.

Número	Romeno
20	douăzeci
30	treizeci
40	patruzeci
50	cincizeci¹
60	şaizeci²
70	şaptezeci
80	optzeci¹
90	nouăzeci

Notas

1. Cincizeci é geralmente pronunciado (mas não escrito) cinzeci. Similarmente, optzeci é pronunciado obzeci.

2. Şaizeci não segue a regra. A forma esperada şasezeci não existe.

Os outros números entre 20 e 99 são formados pela combinação de três palavras: o número de dezenas, a conjunção şi (e), e as unidades. Por exemplo, 42 é patruzeci şi doi.

Para os número cuja unidade seja 1 ou 2, o nome do número correspondente varia em função do gênero do substantivo:

masculino: treizeci şi unu de bărbaţi (31 homens); treizeci şi doi de bărbaţi (32 homens);
feminino: treizeci şi una de femei (31 mulheres); treizeci şi două de femei (32 mulheres);
neutro: treizeci şi unu de grade (31 graus); treizeci şi două de grade (32 graus).

[editar] Formas curtas

Os números de 20 a 99 tem também um forma simplificada na pronunciação: A parte zeci reduz para ş quando o nome da unidade começa com uma consoante surda ou uma vogal. Para 50 e 80 zeci reduz somente para zeş. Quando o nome da unidade começa com uma consoante sonora, a mesma regra é aplicada, mas ş é pronunciado como j. A mesma regra é aplicada se a unidade for 0 e se a próxima palavra for a preposição de. Exemplos:

şaptezeci şi cinci → şapteşcinci (75);
cincizeci şi unu → cinzeşunu (51);
optzeci şi opt → obzeşopt (88);
treizeci şi doi → treijdoi (32);
douăzeci de ori → douăjde ori (20 vezes).

Em fala regional, simplificação maior é possível, como cinzeci şi tornando-se cinş. Também, o número 48, quando refere à Revolução de 1848, é pronunciado paşopt, de onde derivam palavras como paşoptist (participante da Revolução Romena de 1848 ou simpatizante de sua ideologia).

[editar] Números de 100 a 999

Qualquer valor dado de 100 a 999 pode ser representando pela contagem das centenas e, sem palavra conectora, a contagem das dezenas e unidades; por exemplo, 365 é trei sute şaizeci şi cinci.

Note que a palavra para cem/centena é sută, e que se o número de centenas é de valor maior ou igual a 2, o plural sute é pedido.

[editar] Números longos

The table below lists the numbers representing powers of 10 larger than 100, that have a corresponding single-word name. The word for 1000 is feminine, all the others are neuter; this is important in the number naming. In Romanian, neuter nouns behave like masculine in the singular and like feminine in the plural.

Number	Romanian
Number	Singular	Plural
1000 = 10³	mie	mii
10⁶	milion	milioane
10⁹	miliard	miliarde
10¹²	bilion	bilioane
10¹⁵	biliard	biliarde
...	...	...

Unlike in most English-speaking countries, Romanian large numbers use the long scale, that is, a thousand million is not a billion, but a milliard.

To say any cardinal number larger than 1000 the number is split in groups of three digits, from right to left (into units, thousands, millions, etc.), then the groups are read from left to right as in the example below.

12,345,678 (written in Romanian 12.345.678) = douăsprezece milioane trei sute patruzeci şi cinci de mii şase sute şaptezeci şi opt

When a digit is zero, the corresponding quantity is simply not pronounced:

101,010 (written in Romanian 101.010) = o sută una de mii zece

In writing, the groups of three digits are separated by dots. The comma is used as decimal separator. This may be confusing for native English speakers, who use the two symbols the other way around.

[editar] Preposition "de"

Syntactically, when a cardinal number determines a noun and when the number has certain values, the preposition de (roughly equivalent to of) is inserted between the number name and the modified noun in a way similar to English hundreds of birds. Example: şaizeci de minute (sixty minutes).

The rules governing the use of preposition de are as follows:

For numbers from 0 to 19 de is not used. The same applies to numbers whose last two digits make a number in the range from 1 to 19. Examples: şapte case (seven houses), şaisprezece ani (16 years [old]), o sută zece metri (110 meters).
- An exception to this rule is when the objects that are counted are symbols (letters, numbers). In this case, for better understanding the meaning, de can be used, although the practice is sometimes criticized. Example: se scrie cu doi de i (is written with two i's), doi de zece (two tens, two A grades).
- Another exception is for numbers whose last two digits are 01, in which case de is optional. Examples: o mie una de ori (1001 times), o sută unu dalmaţieni (101 Dalmatians). In the latter case the choice might be influenced by euphony (avoidance of the alliteration).

For integer numbers from 20 to 100, preposition de is placed between the number name and the modified noun. The same applies to numbers whose last two digits are either 00 or make a number in the range from 20 to 99. Examples: douăzeci de metri (twenty meters), o mie de ori (a thousand times).
- In technical contexts, to save space, the preposition de may be dropped, especially in writing: 200 metri plat (200 meters sprint). In expressing quantities using measurement units the preposition de is never written, but usually pronounced: 24 V → douăzeci şi patru de volţi (24 Volt).

For non-integer decimal numbers de is never used: 20,5 kg (read douăzeci virgulă cinci kilograme: 20.5 kg).

Preposition de is also used for naming the number itself, for example numbers from 20,000 to 999,999 need it to count the thousands: douăzeci de mii de exemplare (twenty thousand copies). The same applies to all other cases where the number of thousands, millions, billions, etc. is in the range from 20 to 999. Again, in technical contexts, this de may be dropped.

[editar] Agreement between number name and modified noun

The number name and the noun it modifies must agree in number and gender.

The rule for number agreement is simple: When the number is 1, the modified noun is put in its singular form, otherwise it takes the plural form, including the case of number 0 and all non-integer numbers.

The gender agreement is somewhat complicated by the fact that the Romanian nouns are classified into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Specifically, the neuter gender is a combination of the other two: A neuter noun behaves like a masculine noun in the singular, and like a feminine noun in the plural. The gender has implications on the morphology of some of the grammatically connected words, including the number names.

When the units digit of a number is 1 or 2, its name has two distinct forms, masculine and feminine. The only exception is unsprezece (eleven) which has only one form used for both genders.

The gender agreement requires the choice of masculine number names for masculine nouns, and feminine number names for feminine nouns. For the neuter nouns the agreement is obtained by choosing the masculine name of the number not just for number 1, but for all other numbers whose units digit is 1, despite the fact that the noun behaves as feminine; for numbers whose last digit is 2 the feminine numeral is chosen. Examples:

Number	Masculine noun	Neuter noun	Feminine noun
Number	copil (child)	scaun (chair)	oră (hour)
1	un copil	un scaun	o oră
2	doi copii	două scaune	două ore
11	unsprezece copii	unsprezece scaune	unsprezece ore
12	doisprezece copii	douăsprezece scaune	douăsprezece ore
21	douăzeci şi unu de copii	douăzeci şi unu de scaune¹	douăzeci şi una de ore
22	douăzeci şi doi de copii	douăzeci şi două de scaune	douăzeci şi două de ore

Note

1. Although, as a neuter noun in the plural, scaune behaves like a feminine noun, the masculine form of the numeral "douăzeci şi unu" is used. This is due to the fact that "unu" (one) also represents a number by itself; in the singular, the neuter noun requires a masculine modifier. If the noun is also modified by an adjective, the feminine form of the adjective is used: douăzeci şi unu de scaune galbene (21 yellow chairs).

[editar] Distributive numbers

The distributive number is used to show how a larger quantity is divided into smaller, equal portions. These numbers are named using the cardinal number names and the word cîte, roughly meaning each, but requiring a different word order. The following examples show some distributive numbers in various cases:

Punem cîte patru prăjituri pe fiecare farfurie. (We put four cakes on each plate.)
Copiii merg doi cîte doi. (The children are walking two by two.)
Hai să ne despărţim în grupe de cîte trei. (Let's split in groups of three each.)
Au fost expuse desenele a cîte doi elevi din fiecare clasă. (The drawings of two students in each class were displayed.)
Am dat formularele cîte unui copil din fiecare grupă. (I gave the forms to one child in each group.) — Am dat formularele la cîte doi copii din fiecare grupă. (I gave the forms to two children in each group.)

[editar] Collective numbers

Collective numbers are used when all members of a group are referred to by their number, like English all four wheels. Generally, for sets of more than a few elements, the word toţi / toate (all, masculine / feminine) is used together with the cardinal number. The use of the demonstrative cei / cele is optional in the nominative-accusative, but required in the genitive-dative. The genitive-dative form is tuturor celor for both genders. In the following examples note that the modified noun always has the nominative form, and that the definite article goes to the demonstrative where it is used:

nominative-accusative:
- masculine: toţi şapte piticii, toţi cei şapte pitici (all seven dwarfs);
- feminine: toate trei fiicele, toate cele trei fiice (all three daughters);
genitive-dative:
- tuturor celor şapte pitici (of/to all seven dwarfs);
- tuturor celor trei fiice (of/to all three daughters);
genitive (another pattern, using the preposition a):
- numele a toţi şapte piticii, numele a toţi cei şapte pitici (the names of all seven dwarfs);
- numele a toate trei fiicele, numele a toate cele trei fiice (the names of all three daughters);
dative (another pattern, using the preposition la):
- le-am spus la toţi şapte piticii, le-am spus la toţi cei şapte pitici (I told all seven dwarfs);
- le-am spus la toate trei fiicele, le-am spus la toate cele trei fiice (I told all three daughters).

[editar] Special words

When the numer is 2 or sometimes 3 or 4, special words are used instead of toţi, just as the word both replaces *all two in English. The most frequent of these words are:

amîndoi, amîndouă (both), with the genitive-dative form amîndurora, which doesn't follow the usual declination rules;
ambii, ambele (both, but somewhat formal);
tustrei, tustrele (all three). This and the following collective numerals are used mainly for people and reflects a rather old style.
cîteşitrei, cîteşitrele (all three);
tuspatru (all four);
cîteşipatru (all four).

[editar] Adverbial numbers

The adverbial number is the number used to show the repetion of a certain event, in constructions such as de cinci ori (five times). The table below shows a few examples of adverbial numbers.

Number	Adverbial number	English
1	o dată	once
2	de două ori	twice
3	de trei ori	three times
12	de douăsprezece ori	twelve times
21	de douăzeci şi una de ori	twenty-one times
22	de douăzeci şi două de ori	twenty-two times

For number 1 the usual form is o dată (once, one time). The construction o oară is possible, but rarely used. In the plural, the adverbial numbers are formed using the preposition de, the cardinal number in the feminine, and the noun ori (times), which is the plural of the feminine noun oară.

Sample sentences:

Am citit cartea de trei ori. (I've read the book three times.)
„Poştaşul sună întotdeauna de două ori” ("The postman always rings twice")

Approximate numbers can be used, like in the examples below.

Ţi-am spus de zeci de ori că nu mă interesează. (I've told you dozens [textually: tens] of times I'm not interested.)
Am ascultat cîntecul acesta de sute de ori. (I've listened to this song hundreds of times.)

[editar] Multiplicative numbers

For some numbers, special words are used to show multiplication of size, number, etc. The table below gives the most frequent such words, with their English equivalents.

Number	Multiplicative number		Adverbial equivalent	English
Number	traditional	neologism	Adverbial equivalent	English
2	îndoit	dublu	de două ori mai (mult)	double, twice as (much)
3	întreit	triplu	de trei ori mai (mult)	triple, three times as (much)
4	împătrit	cvadruplu	de patru ori mai (mult)	quadruple, four times as (much)
5	încincit	cvintuplu	de cinci ori mai (mult)	quintuple, five times as (much)
10	înzecit	–	de zece ori mai (mult)	ten times as (much)
100	însutit	–	de o sută de ori mai (mult)	a hundred times as (much)
1000	înmiit	–	de o mie de ori mai (mult)	a thousand times as (much)

The traditional multiplicative numbers are formed from the respective cardinal number with the prefix în- (changed into îm- when the following sound is a bilabial plosive), and the suffix -it, the same used to form the past participle of a large category of verbs.

In contemporary Romanian the neologisms are more frequently used.

The multiplicative number can be used as adjective and as adverb. Examples:

Adjective (note the gender agreement):
- salariu întreit, salariu triplu (triple wage, wage three times as much);
- putere întreită, putere triplă (three times more power).

Adverb (no agreement required):
- Am muncit întreit. Am muncit triplu. (I worked three times harder.)
- Am cîştigat înzecit faţă de anul trecut. (I earned ten times as much as last year.)

Often instead of the multiplicative numbers an adverbial construction is used. This can be applied for any number larger than 1.

Am muncit de trei ori mai mult decît anul trecut şi am cîştigat un salariu de zece ori mai mare. (I worked three times more than last year and earned a salary ten times bigger.)

[editar] Fractional numbers

Numbers expressed as parts of a unit (such as "two thirds") are named using the cardinal number, in its masculine form, with the suffix -ime. Other morphological changes take place, as shown below.

Number	Name	Notes
1/2	(o) doime	Also: o jumătate
1/3	(o) treime
1/4	(o) pătrime	Also: un sfert
1/5	(o) cincime
1/6	(o) şesime
1/7	(o) şeptime
1/8	(o) optime
1/9	(o) noime
1/10	(o) zecime
1/100	(o) sutime
1/1000	(o) miime
1/1,000,000	(o) milionime

A number like 3/5 is expressed as trei cincimi (three fifths). Since all the fractional number names behave like feminine nouns, when the numerator is 1, 2, or any other number with a distinct feminine form, that form must be used: două treimi (2/3). The preposition de is used depending also on the numerator: douăzeci de sutimi (20/100), o sută zece miimi (110/1000).

In music several other such words are frequently used for note lengths:

şaisprezecime (sixteenth note);
trezecişidoime (thirty-second note);
şaizecişipătrime (sixty-fourth note), etc.

Fractions involving larger numbers tend to become hard to read. Especially in mathematics it is common to read fractions only using cardinal numbers and the words pe or supra (on, over). For example două treimi (two thirds) becomes doi pe trei or doi supra trei.

[editar] Percents

Percentages (%) and permillages (‰) are read using the words la sută and la mie, like in the examples: cinci la sută (5%), nouă la mie (9‰). For percentages an alternative reading uses the neuter noun procent, meaning 1%; the previous example becomes cinci procente.

[editar] Decimal fractions

Numbers represented as decimal fractions (for example 1.62) are expressed by reading in order the integer part, the decimal separator, and the fractional part. This is the same as in English, with the following exceptions:

The decimal separator is the comma, in Romanian virgulă. For example 2.5 is written 2,5 and pronounced doi virgulă cinci.
The fractional part is read as a multi-digit number, not by saying each digit independently. For example 3.14 (written 3,14) is pronounced trei virgulă paisprezece (literally three comma fourteen). However, when the number of decimals is too large, they can be read one by one as a string of digits: trei virgulă unu patru unu cinci nouă (3.14159).
Decimal fractions whose integer part is 0 (like 0.6) are always pronounced in Romanian together with the initial zero: 0,6 is read zero virgulă şase, unlike English point six.

In some situations it is customary to say cu (with) instead of virgulă. For example, medical staff might be heard stating the body temperature in words like treizeci şi şapte cu cinci, meaning 37.5 °C.

[editar] Ordinal number

The ordinal number is used to express the position of an object in an ordered sequence, as shown in English by words such as first, second, third, etc. In Romanian, with the exception of number 1, all ordinal numbers are named based on the corresponding cardinal number. Two gender-dependent forms exist for each number. The masculine form (also used with neuter nouns) ends in -lea, whereas the feminine form ends in -a. Starting from 2 they are preceded by the possessive article al / a.

Examples:

Am terminat de scris al treilea roman. (I finished writing the third novel.)
Locuim la a cincea casă pe dreapta. (We live in the fifth house on the right.)

[editar] Basic forms

The basic forms of the ordinal number are given in the table below. All other forms are made using them.

Number	Ordinal number		English
Number	masculine	feminine	English
1	primul (întîiul)	prima (întîia)	the first
2	al doilea	a doua	the second
3	al treilea	a treia	the third
4	al patrulea	a patra	the fourth
5	al cincilea	a cincea	the fifth
6	al şaselea	a şasea	the sixth
7	al şaptelea	a şaptea	the seventh
8	al optulea	a opta	the eighth
9	al nouălea	a noua	the ninth
10	al zecelea	a zecea	the tenth
100	al o sutălea	a o suta	the one hundredth
1000	al o mielea	a o mia	the one thousandth
10⁶	al un milionulea	a o milioana	the one millionth
10⁹	al un miliardulea	a o miliarda	the one billionth
...	...	...	...

[editar] 11-19

Ordinal numbers in this range can be formed by modifying the corresponding cardinal number: the ending -zece is transformed into -zecelea and -zecea for the masculine and feminine ordinal number. Examples:

al unsprezecelea, a unsprezecea (the 11^th);
al doisprezecelea, a douăsprezecea (the 12^th), note the gender difference doi-, două-;
al treisprezecelea, a treisprezecea (the 13^th), and so on.

[editar] 20-99

Ordinal numbers in this range that have the unit digit 0 are formed by replacing the ending -zeci of the corresponding cardinal number with -zecilea and -zecea (masculine and feminine):

al douăzecilea, a douăzecea (the 20^th);
al treizecilea, a treizecea (the 30^th), and so on.

When the unit digit is not 0, the cardinal number is used for the tens and the ordinal number for the units. The only exception is when the unit digit is 1; in this case, instead of primul, prima a different word is used: unulea, una. Examples:

al douăzeci şi unulea, a douăzeci şi una (the 21^st);
al douăzeci şi doilea, a douăzeci şi doua (the 22^nd);
al douăzeci şi treilea, a douăzeci şi treia (the 23^rd), and so on.

[editar] All other numbers

The general rule for ordinal number formation is to combine the following elements:

the possessive article al, a;
the cardinal number without the last pronounced digit;
the ordinal number corresponding to the last pronounced digit.

Examples:

101^st: al o sută unulea, a o sută una;
210^th: al două sute zecelea, a două sute zecea;
700^th: al şapte sutelea, a şapte suta;

As seen in the last example above, the ordinal form of the plural of 100, 1000, etc is needed for this process. These forms are:

Number	Ordinal number
Number	masculine	feminine
n * 100	sutelea	suta
n * 1000	miilea	mia
n * 10⁶	milioanelea	milioana
n * 10⁹	miliardelea	miliarda
...	...	...

Examples with large numbers:

1500^th: al o mie cinci sutelea, a o mie cinci suta;
2000^th: al două miilea, a două mia;
20,000^th: al două zeci de miilea, a două zeci de mia;
2,000,000^th: al două milioanelea, a două milioana;

[editar] Reverse order

In certain situations the word order in expressing the ordinal number. This occurs when the object is not necessarily perceived as an element in a sequence but rather as an indexed object. For example, instead of al treilea secol the expression secolul al treilea (third century) is used. Note that the noun must have the definite article appended. Other examples:

etajul al cincilea (fifth floor);
partea a doua (second part, part two);
volumul al treilea (third volume, volume three);
grupa a patra (fourth group).

For simplification, often the cardinal number replaces the ordinal number, although some grammarians criticize this practice: The form secolul douăzeci is seen as an incorrect variant of secolul al douăzecilea (20th century).

For number 1, the correct form of the ordinal number in this reverse-order construction is întîi, in both genders: deceniul întîi (first decade), clasa întîi (first grade). For the feminine, sometimes întîia is used, although this is not considered correct.

The same reverse order is used when naming historical figures:

Carol I (read Carol Întîi);
Carol al II-lea (read Carol al Doilea).

As seen above, ordinal numbers are often written using Roman numerals, especially in this reverse order case. The ending specific to the ordinal numbers (-lea, -a) must be preserved and connected to the Roman numeral with a hyphen. Examples:

secolul al XIX-lea (19th century);
clasa a V-a (5th grade);
volumul I, volumul al II-lea (volume I, II).

[editar] Pronunciation

In the morphological processes described above, some pronunciation changes occur that are usually marked in writing. This section gives a few details about those pronunciation aspects not "visible" in the written form.

See also: Romanian phonology.

[editar] Non-syllabic "i"

The letter i in the word zeci (both as a separate word and in compounds), although thought by native speakers to indicate an independent sound, is only pronounced as a palatalization of the previous consonant. It does not form a syllable by itself: patruzeci (forty) is pronounced /pa.truˈzeʧʲ/. The same applies to the last i in cinci: /ʧinʧʲ/, including compounds: 15 is pronounced /ˈʧinʧʲ.spre.ze.ʧe/ and 50 is /ʧinʧʲˈzeʧʲ/.

However, in the case of ordinal numbers in the masculine form, before -lea the nonsylabic i becomes a full syllabic i in words like douăzecilea (20^th^{) /do.wəˈzeʧi.le̯a/ and in cincilea (5^{th) /ˈʧin.ʧi.le̯a/.}}

^{Semivocalic i does not change its quality: trei /trej/, treilea /ˈtrej.le̯a/, treia /ˈtre.ja/.}

^{[editar] Stress}

^{The stress in numbers from 11 to 19 is on the units number, that is, the first element of the compund. Since in all nine cases that element has the stress on its first syllable, the compound itself will also have the stress on the first syllable. The same is valid for the informal short versions:}

^{unsprezece /ˈun.spre.ze.ʧe/, unşpe /ˈun.ʃpe/ (11);}
^{şaptesprezece /ˈʃap.te.spre.ze.ʧe/, şapteşpe /ˈʃap.teʃ.pe/ (17);}

^{Numbers in the series 20, 30, ..., 90 have the normal stress on the element -zeci. However, a stress shift to the first element often occurs, probably because that element carries more information:}

^{treizeci /trejˈzeʧʲ/ (30);}
^{„Şaizeci? — Nu, şaptezeci!” /ˈʃap.te.zeʧʲ/ (Sixty? — No, seventy!)}

^{[editar] Uso}

^Datas

^{Datas são expressadas usando números cardinais. Para o primeiro dia do mês, o número ordinal întîi é geralmente usado: 1 Decembrie (ler Întîi Decembrie; letra maiúscula é usada para feriados nacionais ou internacionais). Normalmente, a forma masculina do número é usada em qualquer lugar, mas quando for unidade o número 2, a feminina é comum também: 2 ianuarie pode ser lido tanto doi ianuarie quanto două ianuarie; o mesmo se aplica para dias 12 e 22.}

^Séculos

^{Os séculos são escritos usando os números ordinais: século XIV é secolul al paisprezecelea (geralmente escrito secolul al XIV-lea). Números cardinais também são usados, embora considera-se incorreto esse uso: secolul paisprezece.}

^{Títulos reais}

^{São usados para designar membros de uma monarquia ou o Papa números ordinais. Por exemplo: Carol al II-lea, Papa Benedict al XVI-lea.}

^{[editar] Referências}

^{The Number System of Romanian}
^{Numbers in Indo-European Languages}
^{Detailed Romanian grammar with a section on numerals (PDF, 183 pages, 4.6 MB)}
^{Predefinição:Ro icon DEX online}
^{Predefinição:Ro icon Narcisa Forăscu, "Grammar difficulties of the Romanian language": use the index on the left and select the terms "numerale" and "de (prepoziţie)".}
^{Capidan, Theodor. Aromânii, dialectul Aromân, Academia Română, Studii şi cercetări, XX 1932.}

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