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Hilbertova krivulja

Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije

Hilbertova krivulja prvega reda
Hilbertova krivulja prvega reda
Hilbertova krivulja prvega in drugega reda
Hilbertova krivulja prvega in drugega reda
Hilbertova krivulja prvega, drugega in tretjega reda
Hilbertova krivulja prvega, drugega in tretjega reda
Hilbertova krivulja šestega reda
Hilbertova krivulja šestega reda

Hilbertova krivulja je fraktalna krivulja, ki zapolni prostor. Prvi jo je opisal matematik David Hilbert leta 1891.

Njena Hausdorffova razsežnost je 2. Evklidska dolžina Hn je 2^n - {1 \over 2^n}, t.j. narašča eksponentno z n.

[uredi] Računalniški program

Spodnji Java applet nariše Hilbertovo krivuljo z rekurzivno metodo:


import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;

public class HilbertCurve extends Applet {
    private SimpleGraphics sg=null;
    private int dist0=512, dist=dist0;

    public void init() {
        sg = new SimpleGraphics(getGraphics());
        dist0 = 512;
        resize ( dist0, dist0 );
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        int level=4;
        dist=dist0;
        for (int i=level;i>0;i--) dist /= 2;
        sg.goToXY ( dist/2, dist/2 );
        HilbertA(level); // start recursion
    }

    private void HilbertA (int level) {
        if (level > 0) {
            HilbertB(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,dist);
            HilbertA(level-1);    sg.lineRel(dist,0);
            HilbertA(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,-dist);
            HilbertC(level-1);
        }
    }

    private void HilbertB (int level) {
        if (level > 0) {
            HilbertA(level-1);    sg.lineRel(dist,0);
            HilbertB(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,dist);
            HilbertB(level-1);    sg.lineRel(-dist,0);
            HilbertD(level-1);
        }
    }

    private void HilbertC (int level) {
        if (level > 0) {
            HilbertD(level-1);    sg.lineRel(-dist,0);
            HilbertC(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,-dist);
            HilbertC(level-1);    sg.lineRel(dist,0);
            HilbertA(level-1);
        }
    }

    private void HilbertD (int level) {
        if (level > 0) {
            HilbertC(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,-dist);
            HilbertD(level-1);    sg.lineRel(-dist,0);
            HilbertD(level-1);    sg.lineRel(0,dist);
            HilbertB(level-1);
        }
    }
}

class SimpleGraphics {
    private Graphics g = null;
    private int x = 0, y = 0;    

    public SimpleGraphics(Graphics g) { this.g = g; }
    public void goToXY(int x, int y) { this.x = x;   this.y = y; }

    public void lineRel(int deltaX, int deltaY) {
        g.drawLine ( x, y, x+deltaX, y+deltaY );
        x += deltaX;    y += deltaY;
    }
}

[uredi] Glej tudi

Wikimedijina zbirka ponuja še več predstavnostnega gradiva o temi:
  • Krivulja Sierpińskega
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Static Wikipedia 2008 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2007 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2006 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu