亲和色谱
维基百科，自由的百科全书
亲和色谱也称为亲和层析，是一种利用固定相的结合特性来分离分子的色谱方法。亲和色谱在凝胶过滤色谱柱上连接与待分离的物质有一定结合能力的分子，并且它们的结合是可逆的，在改变流动相条件时二者还能相互分离。亲和色普可以用来从混合物中纯化或浓缩某一分子，也可以用来去处或减少混合物中某一分子的含量。
[编辑] 一般流程
亲和色谱分离的通常是混合在溶液中的物质，比如细胞内容物、培养基或血浆等。待分离的分子在通过色谱柱时被固定相或介质上的基团捕获，而溶液中其他的物质可以顺利通过色谱柱。然后把固态的基质取出后洗脱，目标分子即刻被洗脱下来。如果分离的目的是去除溶液中某种分子，那么只要分子能与介质结合即可，可以不必进行洗脱。
[编辑] Specific Uses
亲和色谱的用途很广泛，可以用来从细胞提取物中分离纯化核酸、蛋白，还可以从血浆中分离抗体。分离重组蛋白就经常使用亲和色谱。通过基因修饰为蛋白加上一些人为的特性，这些特性使蛋白选择性地与配体结合，从而达到分离的目的。亲和色谱的另一大用途是从血浆中分离抗体。
[编辑] 大规模色谱柱
Binding to the solid phase may be achieved by column chromatography, whereby the solid medium is packed onto a chromatography column, the initial mixture run through the column to allow binding, a wash buffer run through the column and the elution buffer subsequently applied to the column and collected. These steps are usually done at ambient pressure (as opposed to HPLC or FPLC).
Alternatively binding may be achieved using a batch treatment, by adding the initial mixture to the solid phase in a vessel, mixing, separating the solid phase (by centrifugation for example), removing the liquid phase, washing, re-centrifuging , adding the elution buffer , re-centrifuging and removing the eluate.
Sometimes a hybrid method is employed, the binding is done by the batch method, then the solid phase with the target molecule bound is packed onto a column and washing and elution are done on the column.
