北布拉邦省
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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| 省会 | 斯海尔托亨博斯 | ||||
| 女王专员 | J.R.H. (Hanja) Maij-Weggen | ||||
| 宗教 (1999) | Protestant 7% Catholic 67% |
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| 面积 • 陆地 • 水域 |
4.919 km² (第2位) 162 km² |
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| 人口 (2006) • 总人口 • 密度 |
2.415.946 (第3位) 491/km² (第5位) |
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| Inclusion | 1815 | ||||
| 圣歌 | none | ||||
| ISO | NL-NB | ||||
| 官方网站 | www.brabant.nl | ||||
北布拉邦省(荷兰语: Noord-Brabant)是荷兰的一个省，地处该国南部，南面与比利时交接，马斯河位其北面，东靠林堡省，西连西兰省 查看 Google maps.
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[编辑] 历史
Until the 17th century, the area that now makes up the province of North Brabant was mostly part of the Duchy of Brabant, of which the southern part is now in present-day Belgium. In the 14th and 15th century, the area experienced a golden age, especially the cities of Leuven (Louvain), Antwerp (both now in Belgium), Breda and 's-Hertogenbosch (Bois-le-Duc).
After the Union of Utrecht was signed in 1579, Brabant became a battlefield between the Protestant Dutch Republic and Catholic Spain, which occupied the southern Netherlands. As a result of the Peace of Westphalia, the northern part of Brabant became part of the Netherlands as the territory of Staats-Brabant. (State Brabant) Under federal rule (the founding provinces of the Dutch Republic were self-governing).
Attempts to preach Protestantism failed, and the area served mainly as a military buffer zone. In 1796, when the Netherlands became the Batavian Republic, Staats-Brabant became a province as Bataafs Brabant. This status ended with the reorganisation by the French, and the area was divided over several departments.
In 1815, Belgium and the Netherlands were united in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the province of North Brabant was established, in order to distinguish it from South Brabant, in present-day Belgium, which separated from the Kingdom in 1830. This boundary between the Netherlands and Belgium is special in that it does not form a contiguous line, but there are a handful of tiny enclaves (and enclaves inside enclaves) on both sides of the border, such as Baarle-Hertog. When the province was founded, its territory was expanded with a part of the province of Holland and the former territory of Ravenstein which had previously belonged to the Duchy of Cleves, as well as several small, formerly autonomous entities.
From the end of the 19th century, the province has grown increasingly industrialised. Textile production was centred in Tilburg and Helmond, while the town of Eindhoven has grown to the country's 5th large city thanks to the Philips and Van Doorne's Automobiel Fabriek (DAF) companies.
[编辑] 地理
Like most of the Netherlands, North Brabant is mostly flat. While most of the population lives in urban areas, much of the province is uninhabited even though most of the land is cultivated. Consistent with naturally raised areas, forests, heathlands and dune areas can also be found.
The province is bordered by the Meuse River in the north. Its delta flows through the Biesbosch area, a national park.
[编辑] 经济
Employment is found in the agricultural, industrial and service sectors. The main agricultural products are wheat and sugar beet, while cows and pigs are held as livestock. The chief industries are automobile production, electronics (both mainly in Eindhoven), textile and shoes.
In the twentieth century, tourism has become an important sector for North Brabant, the woods and its quiet atmosphere combined with the beauty of some of the cities having proved successful. Another big tourist attraction is theme park Efteling in Kaatsheuvel, the largest of the Benelux.
[编辑] 政治
The provincial council (Provinciale Staten) has 79 seats, and is headed by the Queen's Commissioner, currently Hanja Maij-Weggen. While the provincial council is elected by the inhabitants, the Commissioner is appointed by the Queen and the cabinet of the Netherlands. With 28 seats, the Christian-Democratic CDA is the largest party in the council.
The daily affairs of the province are taken care of by the Gedeputeerde Staten, which are also headed by the Commissioner; its members (gedeputeerden) can be compared with ministers.
[编辑] 市镇
北布拉邦省现在分成68个市镇，传统上几乎每一个镇都为一个自治地方。但九十年代后，这个这个数量在不断的减少，较小的镇往往被并入临近的城市，或与其他镇合并，以下为北布拉邦省目前的市镇列表。
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[编辑] 外部链接
- Official Website (in Dutch)
- Province map showing subdivision in municipalities
- Merger Geldrop and Mierlo 1 Jan 2004, with map, http://www.geldrop-mierlo.nl/
- Deltaworks Online - Flood protection of North Brabant and Deltaregion
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