聖日爾曼伯爵
维基百科,自由的百科全书
聖日耳曼伯爵(The Count of St Germain,1710年-1784年)是個神祕人物。有人形容他是廷臣、冒險者、發明家、業餘科學家、畫家、鋼琴家、小提琴手以及業餘作曲家,還有人說他曾展示過煉金術。根據幾個消息來源,他的名字並不代表家族領地或頭銜,而是自己取的;是拉丁文 Sanctus Germanus 的法文版本,意為 Holy Brother。他同時還有一些其他的名字,諸如孟菲拉侯爵(Marquis de Montferrat)、Bellamarre 或 Aymar 伯爵(Comte Bellamarre or Aymar)、騎士修寧(Chevalier Schoening)、騎士韋爾頓〔Chevalier Weldon(Welldone)〕、Comte Soltikoff、Graf Tzarogy 和 Prinz Ragoczy。
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[编辑] 生平
聖日耳曼的背景與身份成謎,引發許多對其出身的猜測。根據 Prince Charles of Hesse 的說法,聖日耳曼在晚年自稱是川西凡尼亞王子 Francis II Rakoczi 與第一任妻子所生的兒子。這似乎是主流說法。另一個理論是說他是西班牙國王卡洛斯二世的寡婦 Maria Anna of Pfalz-Neuburg 的私生子,還有一個猜測說他是葡萄牙王之子。
聖日耳曼可能曾在義大利的西也那大學(The University of Siena)讀書,為梅第奇家族最後一位大公吉安‧加斯東的學生。
他第一次以聖日耳曼之名出現的紀錄在1710。Baron de Gleichen 說他那時在威尼斯。其他的紀錄包括1743年在倫敦、1745年在愛丁堡;在愛丁堡時他因涉嫌在詹姆斯黨革命期間從事諜報活動被軟禁。因為沒有證據,聖日耳曼被釋放了,他很快贏得優秀小提琴手的名聲——據說和帕格尼尼一樣好。在這段時期他認識了盧梭。1746年他消失了。一位1745年就認識他的 Horace Walpole 形容他:「他唱歌,拉奏美妙的小提琴,作曲,有點瘋狂而且不是非常理性。」
1758年他重回凡爾賽,在這個時期他留下了一些肖像畫。他自稱擁有一些染料配方,而路易十五讓他住在香波堡(Chateau Chambord),他在此地和路易十五及其情婦龐巴度夫人相處了很長一段時間。在巴黎,他大方的分送鑽石當作禮物。義大利知名冒險家卡薩諾瓦(Giacomo Casanova) 說他親眼看過聖日耳曼化銀成金,不過又補充說那可能只是技法而已。據說聖日耳曼有時會暗示他其實已經幾百歲了。當時一位自稱叫 Lord Gower 的丑角開始在沙龍中模仿聖日耳曼的神態,開玩笑說他曾當過耶穌的顧問。1760年,外交部長舒瓦瑟爾公爵(Duke of Choiseul)想要將聖日耳曼逮捕,他卻已經由荷蘭到英國去執行路易十五所交派的任務了。
在此之後伯爵又經由荷蘭到達俄羅斯,當俄國發生政變,將凱薩琳推上寶座時他顯然就身在聖彼得堡。後來有陰謀論推斷他就是肇因。第二年他出現在南尼德蘭(現在的比利時),購買土地並使用另一個名字 Surmount。他試著向城邦推薦自己的技術(木材、皮革、油畫顏料的加工方式),在(終告失敗的)交涉過程中,他暗示自己出身王室。然後在接下來的11年消失無蹤。
1774年他再度出現,向一位巴伐利亞的伯爵自我介紹為 Freiherr Reinhart Gemmingen-Guttenberg, the Count Tsarogy。1776年伯爵在德國,自稱為騎士韋爾頓,再一次推銷自己的處方:化妝品、葡萄酒、烈酒、對於骨頭、紙和象牙的加工法。他用黃金變質來離間腓特烈大帝的密探,對國王說他是個共濟會員。他住在什勒斯維希-霍爾斯坦總督——黑森-卡塞爾(en:Hesse-Kassel)的卡爾王子(Prince Karl of Hesse-Kassel)的一間居所中,研究藥草藥方與化學來周濟窮人。對於這位王子,他自稱為 Francis Rakoczy II, Prince of Transylvania。1784年是伯爵「應該」死亡的時期,死因可能是肺炎。他沒有留下多少遺產。
謠傳他仍然活著:1835年在巴黎,1867年在米蘭,拿破崙戰役時期在埃及。拿破崙三世有一份他的檔案,但是在1871年一場大火中燒毀了。神智學(en:Theosophy)學者 安妮‧貝贊特(en:Annie Besant)說她在1896年遇到伯爵;神智學者李德彼特(C. W. Leadbeater)說他1926年在羅馬遇到過伯爵,而且聖日耳曼展示了一件曾經屬於羅馬皇帝的袍子,還說自己有一個住處是川西凡尼亞的一座城堡。神智學者波洛德(en:Guy Ballard)宣稱在夏斯塔山(Mt. Shasta)見到伯爵並被引見給一群金星來的旅客,並出版一系列關於他們交流的書。波洛德發起了 "I AM" Activity。
在1972年1月28日,Richard Chanfray,一位前科犯和歌星黛莉達(en:Dalida)的情人,在法國的電視節目上自稱為聖日耳曼伯爵,同時宣稱路易十五仍然活著。
[编辑] 傳記
There are several "authoritative" biographers who usually do not agree with one another. Probably the two best-known biographies are Isabel Cooper-Oakley's The Count of St. Germain (1912) and Jean Overton-Fuller's The Comte de Saint-Germain: Last Scion of the House of Rakockzy (1988). His ancestry is a matter of much speculation. Theosophists consider him to be a en:Mahatma, Master or adept. en:Aleister Crowley identified with him. en:Helena Blavatsky said he was one of her Masters of Wisdom and hinted at secret documents.
Several books on en:palmistry and en:astrology have been published in his name, though it is not clear whether he actually wrote them. en:The Most Holy Trinosophia of the Comte de St. Germain is said to have been written by him.
[编辑] 傳說
在他死後的數百年間,各種神話、傳說、猜測紛紛出現。有人說他會耍蛇和腹語術,有傳聞說他和龐巴度夫人有緋聞。還有的說他是不死之身,是永世流浪的猶太人(the en:Wandering Jew),是個擁有不死藥的煉金術士,是個薔薇十字團員或被驅逐的國王,是 Queen Maria Anna of Spain 的私生子,或是他預言了法國大革命。卡薩諾瓦稱他為提琴手卡里尼(the violinist Catlini)。卡廖斯特羅伯爵(Count Cagliostro)據說是他的學生。另外「聖日耳曼」這個名字並非那麼稀有也造成不少混亂。
[编辑] Occult and New Age views about St. Germain
Many groups in en:occultism honor St. Germain as an en:Ascended Master. As such, he is believed to have many magical powers such as the ability to teleport, levitate, walk through walls, influence people telepathically, etc. Some esoteric groups credit him with inspiring the en:Founding Fathers to draft the en:United States Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, as well as providing the design of the en:Great Seal of the United States.
In the en:New Age beliefs regarding him, Saint Germain is always associated with the color violet, the jewel en:amethyst, and the en:Maltese cross rendered in violet (usually the iron cross style cross patee version); he is also regarded as the "Cosmic Master of the Seventh (violet) Ray"--according to en:Theosophy, the en:Seven Rays are seven metaphysical principles that govern both individual souls and the unfolding of each 2,158 year long en:Astrological Age. Since according to Theosophy the next en:Astrological Age, the en:Age of Aquarius, will be governed by the Seventh (violet) Ray (the Ray of Ceremonial Order), Saint Germain is sometimes called "The Cosmic Master of the Age of Aquarius".
[编辑] According to Max Heindel
In Rosicrucian en:Max Heindel's writings, the Count of St Germain (18th century) is described as one of the later incarnations of en:Christian Rosenkreuz, an enigmatic individual born in the en:14th century and the Head of the Rosicrucian Order. According to this author, Rosenkreuz had been en:Lazarus in a previous life, a biblical character in the en:New Testament (this would contradict the idea that he was Joseph, since they both lived at the same time) and en:Hiram Abiff, the Widow's Son of Freemasonry, in an earlier existence.[1]
[编辑] According to C.W. Leadbeater
In the 1925 book The Masters and the Path by C.W. Leadbeater, an adherent of Theosophy, St. Germain is called both the "Comte de St. Germain" and the "Master Rakoczi". His previous incarnations are enumerated (the same ones as noted below in the Ascended Master Teachings). On page 240 of The Masters and the Path it is stated that when performing magical rituals in his castle in Transylvania, St. Germain wears "a suit of golden chain-mail which once belonged to a Roman Emperor; over it is thrown a magnificent cloak of crimson, with on its clasp a seven-pointed star in diamond and amethyst, and sometimes he wears a glorious robe of violet."
[编辑] According to Alice Bailey
In en:Alice A. Bailey's books, St. Germain is referred to as the "Master Rakoczi" or the "Master R." Alice A. Bailey's book The Externalisation of the Hierarchy (1934) gives the most information about his reputed role as a spiritual Master. His title is said to be the "Lord of Civilization". He is said to telepathically influence people who are seen by him as being instrumental in bringing about the new civilization of the Age of Aquarius. Alice A. Bailey said that "sometime after AD 2025" Master Jesus, Master Rakoczi, en:Kuthumi, and the others in the en:Spiritual Hierarchy (except en:Gautama Buddha) would "externalise" [British spelling of externalize], i.e., descend from the spiritual worlds, and live physically on Earth in en:ashrams surrounded by their disciples.
[编辑] According to Samael Aun Weor
In the 1953 book The Seven Words by Samael Aun Weor, Saint Germain is considered as being the ruler of the world's politics, since he belongs to the Jupiter's Ray, the Ray of Politics. Samael Aun Weor considers Saint Germain as an Immortal, a Son of Resurrection, someone who, using the Art of en:Alchemy, has overcome death. In this same book, the author claims that Saint Germain is Master Rakoczy, and the same en:Roger Bacon, en:Francis Bacon, and that he is still alive, living in Tibet with the same physical body from the medievals.
In the 1969 book Esoteric Course of Kabbalah, Samael Aun Weor tells that Saint Germain was the musical rival of en:Paganini. He also states that Saint Germain is able to speak any language, and is also able to make diamonds through the Art of Alchemy. Indeed, the author claims that Saint Germain knew and worked with the secret of Alchemy, the en:sexual transmutation enabled by white sexual magic. According to the same book, en:Cagliostro would have been the best disciple of Saint Germain.
[编辑] According to Ascended Master Teachings
According to The "I AM" Activity, en:The Bridge to Freedom, en:The Summit Lighthouse, and en:The Temple of The Presence, Saint Germain was embodied as:
- Ruler of a Golden Age civilization in the area of the Sahara Desert 70,000 years ago
- High priest on en:Atlantis 13,000 years ago, serving in the Order of Lord Zadkiel in the Temple of Purification, located where the island of Cuba is now located
- en:Samuel, eleventh century B.C. Religious leader in Israel who served as prophet, priest, and last of the Hebrew judges
- Saint Joseph, first century A.D., Nazareth. Husband of Mary and Guardian of Jesus
- Saint Alban, late third or early fourth century, town of Verulamium, renamed St. Albans, Hertfordshire, England. First British martyr - he had sheltered a fugitive priest, became a devout convert, and was put to death for disguising himself as the priest so he could die in his place
- en:Proclus, c. 410 - 485 A.D. Athens. The last major Greek Neoplatonic philosopher, headed the Platonic Academy and wrote extensively on philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, and grammar
- Merlin, c. fifth or sixth century, Britain. Magician and counselor at King Arthur's Camelot who inspired the establishment of the Order of the Knights of the Round Table
- en:Roger Bacon, c. 1220-1292 A.D., England. Philosopher, educational reformer, and experimental scientist; forerunner of modern science renowned for his exhaustive investigations into alchemy, optics, mathematics, and languages
- Organizer behind the scenes for the Secret Societies in Germany in the late fourteen and early fifteenth centuries. The creation of a fictional character named "en:Christian Rosenkreuz" was inspired by his efforts.
- en:Christopher Columbus, 1451-1506 A.D. Believed to have been born in Genoa, Italy and settled in Portugal. Discovered America in 1492 during first of four voyages to the New World sponsored by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
- en:Francis Bacon, 1561-1626, England. Philosopher, statesman, essayist and literary master, author of the Shakespearean plays (according to I AM teachings), father of inductive science and herald of the scientific revolution. The claim is that Sir Francis Bacon made it appear that he died in 1626, arranging for another person's body to be placed his coffin, and that he even attended his own "funeral". He then supposedly traveled secretly to en:Transylvania (now part of Romania) to the Rakoczy Mansion, where he is said to have continued preparations for his physical Ascension under the direct training of the Master R (Great Divine Director). He had reportedly incarnated in that area a number of times in previous lifetimes and felt particularly at home there. Since Francis Bacon was sighted in the area at various times over the following decades, the local people concluded that he must be a member of the Rakoczy family (possibly related to Prince Ferenc Rakoczy II of Transylvania). Finally on en:May 1, en:1684 he is believed to have attained his physical Ascension. Not wanting to leave humanity in the physical octave without his direct visible assistance, he asked the Karmic Board for a special Dispensation to allow him to function in a physical tangible body among embodied mankind for a limited time period - even though he was already an Ascended Master. He was granted his request at the direct intercession of the Goddess of Liberty, and reappeared as:
- Le Comte de Saint Germain, the "Wonderman of Europe" in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He developed a reputation of being an outstanding alchemist, scholar, linguist, musician, artist and diplomat. He worked behind the scenes to try to establish a United States of Europe and to prevent the bloodshed of violent revolution. His powers included bilocation, appearing at court and then dissolving his form at will, removing flaws from diamonds and other precious stones, and precipitating an elixir that prevented aging. He was also ambidextrous and could compose simultaneously a letter with one hand and poetry with the other, or two identical pieces of writing with each hand. He visited en:Marie Antoinette and her intimate friend, Madame d'Adhémar, who later wrote the story of his abilities as an Adept, and that he had warned of the coming debacle and death of the king and queen. He also reportedly worked behind the scenes with en:George Washington and en:Benjamin Franklin to establish the United States of America.
- Ascended Master Saint Germain is now known as "The God of Freedom" for the Earth and, since en:May 1, 1954, the Hierarch for the current 2150 year cycle of the en:Age of Aquarius. The name "Saint Germain" is the name that Francis Bacon chose as his Ascended Master name upon his physical Ascension from the Rakoczy Mansion in Transylvania. It comes from the Latin Sanctus Germanus, meaning "Holy Brother".
- Conspiracy theorists who believe in NESARA, a purported secret law that the U.S. government denies the existence of, believe that St. Germain is still alive and is actively working with Jesus Christ and with benevolent en:space aliens to get the law enacted.
[编辑] St. Germain in popular culture
- en:Umberto Eco's satirical work involving en:conspiracy theories, Foucault's Pendulum, features a putative St. Germain as the antagonist.
- en:Diana Gabaldon's novel Dragonfly in Amber features St. Germain as a French nobleman and wine merchant dealing in the darker side of Parisian politics and high society in 1745. In her book, the Count is not immortal.
- The author en:Chelsea Quinn Yarbro has written (as of 2006) two dozen fantasy books (including spin offs) concerning a vampiric character modeled after St. Germain.
- The en:role-playing game en:Unknown Armies features St. Germain as an immortal yet very human, enigmatic and complex figure also referred to as "The First and Last Man".
- St. Germain appears in the video game Castlevania: Curse Of Darkness as a mysterious en:time travelling figure who also fights Zead (later revealed to be death)
- St. Germain appears in the BL game Animamundi: Dark Alchemist as the fiancée to the main character's sister.
- St. Germain also appears in en:Aleksandr Pushkin's short en:novel The Queen of Spades.
- Author en:Katherine Kurtz featured Saint-Germain as the esoteric Master behind the scenes orchestrating the en:American Revolution in the novel Two Crowns for America (1996).
- St. Germain(e) appears in the en:graphic novel The Sandman (written by en:Neil Gaiman) spin-off_en:The Dead Boy Detectives, written by en:Ed Brubaker. St. Germain(e) here is the name/identity taken by en:Gilles de Rais.
- St. Germain appears as a villain in the en:anime series en:Le Chevalier D'Eon
- The Comte de St. Germain(e) appears (also called Master Rakoczi) in en:Traci Harding's book The Cosmic Logos.
- St. Germain is the villain of the limited en:comic book series en:Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu: Hellfire Apocalypse (2002-2003) by en:Doug Moench and en:Paul Gulacy, wherein St. Germain is revealed to be actually en:Fu Manchu in disguise.
- St. Germain appears in the head of Billy Ballantine in Tor Åge Bringsværd's "Den som har begge beina på jorda står stille" AKA "Den som har begge beina på jorda står stille (eller: Alveolene kommer!). Om de merkelige hendelsene som rystet London den 26. og 27. mai 1973. En digresjonsroman. Vel blåst!" St. Germain proves his ability to make gold, by turning a criminal into a golden statue and a preacher into a en:golden calf.
- A major setting in the browser-based en:MMORPG en:Nexus War is St. Germaine Island, almost certainly a reference to the Count, given the game's heavy magical elements.
- The author of the en:Japanese en:manga en:D.Gray-man has heavily implied that the demonic villain of the series, the Millennium Earl, is based upon St. Germain.
- St. Germain appears in the video game en:Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner: Raidou Kuzunoha vs. The Soulless Army.
- Fictional details of St. Germain's jorney to Russia form part of the novel Wheel of Fortune (Колесо Фортуны) (1970-75) by the Russian writer en:Nikolay Dubov (Николай Иванович Дубов).
[编辑] 深入閱讀
- Bernard, Raymond.Great Secret Count St. Germain. Mokelumne Hill, California: Mokelumne Hill Press, 1993 (reprint ed.). ISBN 0-7873-0095-0.
- Fuller, Jean Overton. The Comte de Saint-Germain: Last Scion of the House of Rakockzy. London: East-West Publications, 1988. ISBN 0-85692-114-9.
- Prophet, Elizabeth Clare. Saint Germain: Master Alchemist. Gardiner, Montana: Summit University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-922729-95-6.
- Prophet, Elizabeth Clare. Saint Germain's Prophecy for the New Millennium: Includes Dramatic Prophecies from Nostradamus, Edgar Cayce, and Mother Mary. Gardiner, Montana: Summit University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-922729-45-X.
- Prophet, Elizabeth Clare. Violet Flame to Heal Body, Mind and Soul. Gardiner, Montana: Summit University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-922729-37-9.
- Saint Germain. Saint Germain on Alchemy: Formulas for Self-Transformation. Gardiner, Montana: Summit University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-916766-68-3.
[编辑] 外部連結
- The Comte de St. Germain (1912) by Isabel Cooper-Oakley, at sacred-texts.com
- Google Images search—Images of the Cosmic Master Saint Germain
- The Saint Germain Foundation—Guy Ballard and "I AM"
- Saint Germain Press—The publications of Guy Ballard for sale
- Comte Saint-Germain: The Immortal German Alchemist at Alchemy Lab
- An overview of the Count and his legend at The Media Desk
- Saint-Germain—Chelsea Quinn Yarbro's official site
- "Count of St Germain: the Mysterious Rosicrucian, who was the Father of the American Republic"—Chapter Eleven from Great Secret: Count St. Germain by Raymond Bernard
- The Immortal Count by Doug Skinner, Fortean Times #146, 2001
- Saint Germain, Chohan of the Seventh Ray at The Summit Lighthouse
- Saint Germain Embodiments from The Temple of The Presence
- Count Saint-Germain historical adventure novels