6th Division (Australia)
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The 6th Division of the Australian Army was a unit in the Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF) during World War II. It served in the North African campaign, the Greek campaign and the New Guinea campaign, including the crucial battles of the Kokoda Track, among others.
(The 6th Division name was first used for a short-lived World War I unit, formed from First Australian Imperial Force troops in England, in 1917. The division was broken-up as replacements several months later, before it saw action.)
When World War II broke out, because all Militia (reserve) units (which were organised in five divisions) were barred from serving overseas, the 2nd AIF's 6th Division was formed with regular army units and new, all-volunteer infantry brigades, from September 28, 1939.
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[edit] History
The 6th Division first saw action in late 1940, against Italian forces in North Africa, including the advance to Benghazi.
[edit] Greece and the Middle East
In 1941, the division took part in the ill-fated Allied expedition to defend Greece from a German invasion. During the campaign, Brig. George Vasey's 19th Brigade (minus the 2/11th Battalion) was defeated by the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler brigade, at the Battle of Vevi. The 2/4th and 2/8th Battalions became the only Australian Army units to face elite Waffen SS soldiers in combat.
The Allies were outflanked by the Germans, and were driven off the Greek mainland. The 19th Brigade Group then took part in the Battle of Crete. More than 3,000 members of the division could not be evacuated, and were taken prisoner in the Greek campaign, including Crete. A great deal of equipment was also lost. Almost immediately, however, the 17th Brigade was detached to take part in the bloody but successful attack on Vichy French forces in the Syria-Lebanon campaign.
[edit] The Pacific War
After war with Japan broke out, the 16th Brigade and 17th Brigade were at first sent to garrison Ceylon, which was under threat of invasion. In late 1942 the 16th Brigade and other elements of the division were sent to New Guinea, initially to reinforce and relieve Militia (reserve) and 7th Division units on the Kokoda Track. With other Australian and US forces, the 16th Brigade and associated units re-took the north coast of New Guinea in the Battle of Buna-Gona.
During 1943, the division was converted to a Jungle Division and 17th Brigade and other elements of the division took part in the Wau, Mubo, Markham Valley and Salamaua campaigns.
The 6th Division was reunited as a formation in its last major action, the Aitape to Wewak campaigns of 1944. Private Ted Kenna was awarded the Victoria Cross for his bravery at Wewak.
Like the rest of the 2nd AIF, the division was disbanded after the war ended in 1945.
[edit] Structure
Infantry units (and state of origin)
- 17th Australian Infantry Brigade, Victoria (Vic.)
- 18th Australian Infantry Brigade (to 7th Division in 1940)
- 19th Australian Infantry Brigade (formed from other 6th Div. brigades, 1940)
- Artillery regiments
- 2/1st Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery (RAA), NSW
- 2/2nd Field Regiment, RAA, Vic.
- 2/3rd Field Regiment, RAA, NSW/SA/WA/Northern Territory (NT)
- 2/5th Field Regiment, RAA, Queensland (Qld)/Tasmania (Tas.) (Became 2/1st Anti-Tank Regiment, 1940.)
- Other units
- 2/1st Australian Machine-Gun Regiment
- 2/1st Australian Pioneer Battalion
- 6th Australian Divisional Cavalry
- Engineer companies
- 2/1st Field Company, Royal Australian Engineers (RAE) (NSW)
- 2/2nd Field Company, RAE (Vic.)
- 2/3rd Field Company, RAE (Tas./WA/SA)
- 2/1st Field Park Company, RAE (Qld)
[edit] Commanders
Maj. Gen. Thomas Blamey (13 October 1939 - 3 April 1940)
Maj. Gen. Iven Mackay (4 April 1940 - 13 August 1941)
Maj. Gen. Edmund Herring (14 August 1941 - 30 April 1942)
Maj. Gen. Allan Boase (1 May 1942 - 13 September 1942)
Maj. Gen. George Vasey (14 September 1942 - 14 March 1943)
Maj. Gen. Jack Stevens (15 March 1943 - 26 July 1945)
Maj. Gen. Horace Robertson (26 July 1945 - 30 November 1945).
[edit] See also
| Australian Army Divisions in World War II |
| Militia 1st Division | 2nd Division | 3rd Division | 4th Division | 5th Division | 10th Division (Mk I) | 11th Division |
