Adjournment
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
To adjourn means to suspend until a later stated time.
[edit] Law
In law, adjournment means to suspend proceedings to another time or place. (e.g. Counsel was not prepared for trial, so she requested an adjournment of the trial until a later date). It has a similar meaning in parliamentary procedure. A deliberative assembly adjourns when it is finished with business for the time being. If no time or method has been fixed to reconvene the assembly, adjournment has the effect of dissolving the body. A motion to adjourn is normally a privileged motion, unless qualified in some way, (such as "Adjourn at 10PM.") or unless adjournment would dissolve the assembly, in which case it must be a main motion. When privileged, the motion yields to a motion to fix the time to which to adjourn, since that matter must be decided first.
[edit] Chess
In chess, adjournment of a game involves suspending it and postponing it until later, typically the following day. The rationale is that games often extend in duration beyond what is reasonable for a single session of play. The practice is far less common today than it was a few decades ago, due to a trend towards shorter time controls.
Schedules allowing for adjournment fall into either of two categories:
- 2 1/2 hours per player for the first forty moves, followed by adjournment (a five hour session)
- 2 hours per player for the first forty moves, followed by 1 hour for the next twenty moves, followed by adjournment (a six hour session)
The rules for adjourning a game are as follows:
- Once the time control has passed, either player has the option of adjourning, and may do so on their move.
- If a player exercises that option, they lose as much time on their clock as there is until the end of that session.
- When the duration of the session has ended, it is imperative for the player with the move to adjourn the game.
- A player adjourns the game by recording their move secretly in an envelope and sealing it. Upon resumption, the arbiter makes the sealed move and the game continues.
The first three rules are designed to encourage players to continue games until the end of the session, but no longer. The last rule, while seemingly bizarre, is the only way to adjourn a game fairly: the alternative of suspending a game in a position known to both players gives a big advantage to the player who has the move upon resumption, since they get to choose the best continuation after a thorough analysis. As such, the rule ensures that neither player knows upon adjournment what the position will be when it is next their turn to move. However it is generally considered advantageous to be the player to make the sealed move; especially if the move forces a specific response from the other player. Considerations on when to adjourn a game can be complex, and often involve an extra dimension of psychology that is not part of the strictly logical struggle on the board. Analysis of adjourned positions is an art in itself.
With the advent of strong chess playing computer programs, which could be use to analyze an adjourned positions, most tournaments have abandoned adjourning games in favor of shorter time controls.
[edit] Other games
Sealed moves are also used in the other adjournment of other board games. In Go, sealing a move to force a particular answer is considered poor etiquette.[1]
